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Ch. 9 Launching the New Republic

Ch. 9 Launching the New Republic. 9.1: Washington takes office. 1 st Presidential Election - 1789. Most electoral votes President George Washington (GW) Second place Vice-president John Adams (JAm).

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Ch. 9 Launching the New Republic

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  1. Ch. 9Launching the New Republic

  2. 9.1: Washington takes office

  3. 1st Presidential Election - 1789 • Most electoral votes • President • George Washington (GW) • Second place • Vice-president • John Adams (JAm)

  4. “I have now Sir to inform you that . . . your patriotism and your readiness to sacrifice . . . private enjoyments to preserve the liberty and promote the happiness of your Country [convinced the Congress that you would accept] this important Office to which you are called not only by the unanimous votes of the Electors but by the voice of America.“

  5. GW would set many precedents.. • good examples for other Presidents to follow – set the standard • http://www.history.com/videos/george-washingtons-precedents#george-washingtons-precedents

  6. He appointed experts to his cabinet….

  7. Secretary of War – national defense Henry Knox Leon E. Panetta Secretary of Defense

  8. Secretary of State- foreign affairs Thomas Jefferson (TJ) Hillary Clinton

  9. Secretary of the Treasury - $$ Alexander Hamilton (Ham) Timothy Geithner

  10. Attorney General– legal issues Edmond Randolph Eric H. Holder Jr.

  11. Chief Justice-– head of Supreme Court John Jay John Roberts

  12. Ham ($$ man) had a plan… Alexander Hamilton Secretary of the Treasury

  13. 1. Pay $52million debt -both national & state debts • South said NO to paying state debts • They had already paid theirs

  14. Compromise… • Said OK if capital was moved South • Washington DC would be built

  15. 2. Raise $$ by using tariffs-taxes on imports • Helps govt • tariff $$ pays down debt • Helps industry • Americans buy cheaper US goods

  16. British made clipboard American made clipboard Cost to produce: $ 0.50 $ 1.00 Profit wanted: $ 1.00 $ 1.00 Final price: $ 1.50 $ 2.00 Which clipboard would most American’s buy?

  17. British made clipboard American made clipboard Original price: $ 1.50 $ 2.00 Cost of tariff: $ 1.00 $ 0.00 Final price: $ 2.50 $ 2.00 Now which clipboard would most American’s buy?

  18. 3. Create a national bank - safe place to keep govt. $$ - make loans - issue uniform paper money

  19. TJ and James Madison (J Ma) disagreed w/Ham about national bank. • Constitution did not say anything about it!! • Strict construction VS Loose construction The Constitution says nothing about creating a national bank!! It is “necessary and proper”!!

  20. Ham convinces Congress and GW - the national bank is created! We think it’s a great idea!! So do I!

  21. 9.2: Challenges of the New Government Foreign Domestic

  22. Domestic policy issues….

  23. NtvAmrcns in Ohio Valley • Settlers want it!! • GW sends army • Ntvs defeated and pushed out

  24. Also dealt with the “Whiskey Rebellion” • Farmers turned grain into Whiskey – used as $$ • Tax on whiskey – farmers refused to pay/rebelled • GW led army to enforce the tax and crush the rebellion • Federal laws would be enforced

  25. Foreign policy issues…..

  26. French Revolution created problems for US because… • France - major ally during Revolution. • Great Britain - major trading partner. = =

  27. TJ supported France -- fighting for liberty and equality

  28. Ham sided with Brits –-was afraid of losing $$ - also hated mob rule

  29. GW said US would remain neutral

  30. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a5wCl3aAMEQ

  31. Remaining neutral would be difficult- England & France began to attack our cargo ships

  32. GW sent John Jay to England… • Jay’s Treaty – British agreed to: • leave the Ohio Valley • pay for ships they had attacked

  33. Also negotiated Pickney’s Treaty w/Spanish • US could use Mississippi R & port of New Orleans

  34. 9.3 The Federalists take Charge I do have some advice before I go….. Two terms is long enough. Its time for me to retire!

  35. Washington's Farewell Address

  36. In his Farewell Address, his advice on political parties was…. • Keep away!! • He feared they would divide the nation

  37. His advice on foreign affairs… • Keep out!! • Stay neutral • “steer clear of permanent alliances”

  38. Political parties formed anyway!

  39. Platform (major beliefs) of each party….

  40. Democratic Republicans…

  41. DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS • Leaders: TJ & J Ma • strong state governments • strict construction of Constitution • supported French Revolution • against national bank • economy based on farming • supporters: farmers & workers

  42. FEDERALISTS • Leaders: AHam & John Adams • strong central government • loose construction of Constitution • Supported British • wanted national bank • economy based on industry • supporters: wealthy, well educated

  43. Election of 1796 1796 Electoral College John Thomas Adams Jefferson 71 68 Federalist Democratic Republican President Vice-President

  44. Adams foreign policy issue…. • Problems with France and the XYZ Affair…. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afB5NJmER5M

  45. Domestically, he dealt with… Alien and Sedition Acts

  46. Alien Acts targeted immigrants (French) • Gave president power to arrest & deport

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