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Blood

Blood. Functions of Blood. Blood carries oxygen to all parts of the body Blood carries waste products like Carbon dioxide to the lungs or wastes to the Kidneys to be excreted. Blood transports nutrients to the body Blood cells are used to fight infection or heal cuts. Parts of Blood.

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Blood

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  1. Blood

  2. Functions of Blood • Blood carries oxygen to all parts of the body • Blood carries waste products like Carbon dioxide to the lungs or wastes to the Kidneys to be excreted. • Blood transports nutrients to the body • Blood cells are used to fight infection or heal cuts.

  3. Parts of Blood • Plasma- liquid part • Mostly water • Makes up more than half the volume of blood • Nutrients, minerals, oxygen, and wastes are dissolved in blood • Blood cells • Red Blood cells • White Blood cells • Platelets

  4. Red Blood Cells • Five million in a cc or cubic millimeter • Disk- shaped • No nuclei • Contain hemoglobin which carries the oxygen • Life span 120 days • Made at a rate of 2 to 3 million in the bone marrow of the femur and other long bones

  5. White Blood Cells • 5,000 to 10,000 per cc of blood • Fight infections from bacteria, viruses, and other invaders • Can leave the blood to go into other tissues to fight the infection.

  6. Platelets • Responsible for blood clotting • Platelets act like a plug • Platelets release clotting factors causing fibrin to form a sticky net to catch the escaping blood and plasma. • After the clot is in place then it forms a scab. • Genetic condition- Hemophilia is an X-linked condition that can cause boys to bleed profusely without stopping.

  7. Blood types • 4 major blood types • A, B, AB, O • Types- A, B, AB have chemical antigens on the red blood cell or “identification tags” • Type O does not have antigens.

  8. Diseases of Blood • Anemia- tissues cannot get enough oxygen because the red blood cells cannot carry it because of low iron levels. • Treatment- give extra doses of iron • Sometimes it is due to the loss of tremendous amounts of blood • Treatment- give a blood transfusion • Leukemia- White blood cells are made in excessive numbers. • The blood cells are not fully developed and do not fight infection. • They fill the bone marrow so RBC can’t be made • Treatment- Blood transfusions, Medicine, and bone marrow transplants

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