FIT 2006 Information Technology Integration in Corporate Performance-Role Nasim Raza

1. FIT 2006 Information Technology Integration in Corporate Performance-Role Nasim Raza Askari College for Entrepreneurs Rawalpindi

2. IT investments yield seven percentage points more revenue growth Information technology can confer competitive advantage Five key functional areas Finance and operations, sales and marketing, and partner and supplier management

3. Eras of Computing 1910s beginning of automation 1920s beginning of expansion 1930s beginning of dependence 1940s beginning of von Neumann machines 1950s rise of the machines 1960s rise of the languages and methods 1970s death of the mainframe 1980s age of the personal computer 1990s age of the Internet and new methods 2000s retrenchment

5. IT enables managers of growing businesses to: Execute more efficiently Gain more insight in their operations Respond rapidly to new opportunities

6. What is the Value of IT? IT + Citizen Focus = Innovations Improve productivity Improve service delivery Reduce cost Increase employee input into Inc. Improve decision making Increase the transparency of transactions Cultural transformation

7. Companies use IT both tactically and strategically Automating everyday processes To spot new opportunities Convert them into money-making products and services.

8. Basic foundational applications - 3 Levels General ledger, purchasing and billing. Research and development Product-development team to keep everyone informed, maybe it’s a peer-to-peer network for exchanging research

9. The Economics of IT Induction Performance = (Complexity) (Process)* (Team) * (Tools) Where: • Performance= Effort or time • Complexity= Volume of human-generated code • Process= Methods, notations, maturity • Team = Skill set, experience, motivation • Tools= Software process automation

10. Forces in IT

11. Fundamentals never go out of style

12. Fundamentals (Technical) • Craft crisp and resilient abstractions • maintain a good separation of concerns • Create a balanced distribution of responsibilities

13. Focus the technology planning process on business needs • A business needs approach to planning creates a reason and a role for early business involvement and support. • CEO understanding of business needs enables investment in technologies based on business priorities, rather than market judgments of technology maturity. • Prioritizing the fit with business needs determines the value of emerging technologies.

14. Global Technology Outlook • Identify emerging technology trends significant to the industry • Disruptive to existing businesses/potential to create new ones • Exponentials/thresholds • How technology can impact customers/businesses • Understand customer challenges

15. How you approach the problem Align Business and Technology Technology First Patterns of Success Traditional What’s Different Business-Driven How you organize the process Incremental Transformation Waterfall How you architect the solution Services-Oriented Silos; Monolithic Business-Driven Development An integrated approach to IT development that aligns line-of-business, development and operations teams to improve business performance

16. End-user Functionality Logical View Implementation View Analysts/Designers Structure Programmers Software management Use-Case View Process View Deployment View System engineering System integrators System topology Delivery, installation communication Performance Scalability Throughput Conceptual Physical Architecture First

17. HR Email System Office Scheduling Patient Records Service-Oriented Architecture Business Process Member Informed that Request has been Denied Member Requests an Rx Refill (Call Center IVR or Online) Request Denied • long running • one or more persons interacting • multiple valid business process states • alternative workflows for non-normal conditions Rx Dept Processes Refill PC Physician Approves or Denies Request (WS or Email) Member Informed that Refill is Ready Request Approved Services Validate Member is Authorized to Make Request Send Request Notification to pharmacy Determine Member’s Coverages and Primary Care Physician • short term, non-interactive • one change of business state • consumes one or more enterprise service • targeted level of service reuse • loose coupling important • may require compensating transactions WS Enabled Send Request Notification to Notes Not WS Enabled Components Authorization Service Email Service • collaborations to implement a single Web Service • collaborating apps encapsulated via Web Services • Performance favored over loose coupling Outpatient Service Masters Service Credit Verification

18. Team Organization Beta Administration Documentation System Administrator Tech. Support QA Beta Sites Integration Coders Project Manager Tools Provider Architect Admin. Product Manager VP Usability Testers Customer

19. Forces Driving Geographic Distribution • Cost • Follow the sun efficiency • Strategic partnerships • Need for skilled labor • Subcontracting • Growth of the Internet • Use of home offices

20. Points of Pain for Geographical Distribution • Lack of informal communication • Lack of information • Cultural differences • Problems of coordination • Differences in processes • Technical issues (performance,tools) • Strategic issues (division of labor) • Knowledge management