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Syntax Review

Syntax Review. The Other Wes Moore Part I Exam. Prepositional Phrases. A preposition plus its object and modifiers Prepositions: to, around, under, over, like, as, behind, with, outside, etc. Example 1: The store around the corner is painted green.

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Syntax Review

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  1. Syntax Review The Other Wes Moore Part I Exam

  2. Prepositional Phrases • A preposition plus its object and modifiers • Prepositions: to, around, under, over, like, as, behind, with, outside, etc. • Example 1: The store around the corner is painted green. • Example 2: Oscar is painting with the help of his friends. • Example 3: Her plan to become a millionaire fell through when the stock market crashed.

  3. Loose sentences Makes complete sense if brought to a close before the actual ending Contains a number of independent clauses joined only by coordinating conjunctions such as and or but It can usually be divided into multiple sentences

  4. Loose sentences Examples: 1. I went to the movies yesterday, bought candy, and shopped at the mall. 2. You can pass all your classes with good study habits and good attendance. 3. I like everything about this painting, even though I usually don’t like this particular artist.

  5. Periodic sentences NOT grammatically complete until the very end A long and frequently involved sentence in which the sense is not complete until the final word

  6. Periodic Sentences • Examples: 1. "In the almost incredibly brief time which it took the small but sturdy porter to roll a milk-can across the platform and bump it, with a clang, against other milk-cans similarly treated a moment before, Ashe fell in love."(P.G. Wodehouse, Something Fresh, 1915) 2. "To believe your own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart is true for all men, that is genius."(Ralph Waldo Emerson, "Self-Reliance," 1841)

  7. Passive Voice • In a sentence using passive voice, the subject is acted upon; he or she receives the action expressed by the verb.

  8. Passive Voice Example #1: The boy was bitten by the dog. • The dog is acting upon the sentence subject (the boy), meaning it uses the passive voice.

  9. Passive Voice Example #2: Researchwill be presented by Sarah at the conference. - This example sentence includes the passive voice because the subject (research) is being acted upon (presented) by another person (Sarah).

  10. Colloquial Language • Characteristic of or appropriate to ordinary or familiar conversation rather than formal speech or writing; informal. • Involving or using conversation. • Examples: 1. I ain’t going to go there. 2. I reckon we should put the horses in the barn. 3. I’ll allow that Spike is the ugliest dog that anyone has ever seen, but he surely is loyal friend and a good watchdog.

  11. Jargon • Any in-group or specialized language used by small groups of like-minded individuals. • This terminology is usually specialized to the function of the group, and will be used by and among group members as a sign of belonging, status, and for keeping out outsiders. • If you are writing for a general audience (even an general academic audience) you should avoid using in-group jargon without explanations. Overloading your audience with words they do not understand will not help you achieve your purpose. • If, however, you are writing to an in-group audience you will want to use group-specific jargon. Not using the jargon when it is expected by your audience can signal to the audience that you are not a member of that group or have not mastered the group's terminology. This will most likely damage your credibility and interfere with your purpose in writing.

  12. Jargon • Examples of Medical Jargon: Agonal - Term to signify a major, negative change in a patient’s condition BP - Medical shorthand for blood pressure FX - Medical jargon meaning bone fracture JT - A joint NPO - A patient should not take anything by mouth IM - Intramuscular K - The elemental symbol for potassium

  13. Jargon • Examples of Internet Jargon: BTW - By the way CYA - See you around FAQ - Frequently asked questions HTH - Hope this helps MOTD - Message of the day YMMV - Your mileage may vary IIRC - If I remember correctly IANAL - I am not a lawyer LOL - Laugh out loud BFF - Best friends forever TTYL - Talk to you later

  14. Types of Evidence Anecdotal Empirical Logical Testimonial

  15. Anecdotal Evidence • A short/amusing/interesting story about a real incident or person—concrete examples to support a general claim • Example: My anecdote about Willie Joe Kendrick calling me a mean name in 3rd grade

  16. Empirical Evidence • Knowledge acquired by observation or experimentation • Example: scientific research, lab experiments, statistics

  17. Logical Evidence Supports a claim using compare/contrast, cause/effect, logical argumentation

  18. Testimonial Evidence Evidence from an expert related to the topic

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