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Recent R&D at Nagoya univ.

Explore Nagoya University's top counter prototype development and photon detector R&D, showcasing beam test results, simulation studies, and innovative technology like Linear array PMTs and MCP-PMTs with high time resolution. Discover advancements in Cherenkov photon detection, quartz radiators, and chromatic dispersion suppression. Learn about R&D on multi-alkali photo-cathodes and MCP-PMTs' lifetime and performance improvements.

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Recent R&D at Nagoya univ.

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  1. Recent R&D at Nagoya univ. • Prototype development & • Beam test results • Photon detector R&D • Simulation study K. Inami (Nagoya university)

  2. TOP counter • Position+Time Linear array PMT (~5mm) Time resolution s~40ps Simulation 2GeV/c, q=90 deg. ~2m ~200ps K p Different opening angle for the same momentum  Different propagation length(= propagation time) + TOF from IP works additively. 2009/3/17-19

  3. TOP counter • Quartz: 255cmL x 40cmW x 2cmT • Focus mirror at 47.8deg. to reduce chromatic dispersion • Multi-anode MCP-PMT • Linear array (5mm pitch), Good time resolution (<~40ps) •  Measure Cherenkov ring image with timing information MCP-PMT 2009/3/17-19

  4. Prototype development • Demonstration of the performance Glued Glued 915mm 915mm PMT 400mm 400mm 400mm quartz quartz 20mm 20mm 20mm Prototype overview Photon detector 　・Time resolution 　・Efficiency Quartz radiator (Fused silica) 　・Flatness:<1.2mm/m 　・Roughness:0.5nm Filter (l>400nm) 　・Suppression of chromatic dispersion 2009/3/17-19

  5. AMP+CFD amp comparator to TDC to ADC input low voltage supply PMT module • MCP-PMT + readout • HV divider + AMP + Discriminator • Small size (28mmW) • Prototype • Fast AMP (MMIC, 1GHz, x20) • Fast comparator (180ps propagation) • CFD with pattern delay • Performance • Test pulse • ~5ps resolution • MCP-PMT • s<40ps • Working well 2009/3/17-19

  6. MCP-PMT Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Quartz s<40ps Time resolution [ps] Propagation length [mm] Quartz radiator • Check the quality for time resolution • Single photon pulse laser • l=407nm • MCP-PMT • Several incident position •  No degradation of time resolution • Enough quartz quality MCP-PMT 47.2 deg. 2009/3/17-19

  7. Range of detectable wavelength of Cherenkov photons  Time fluctuation of the Cherenkov ring image  Depends on the propagation length. Light propagation velocity inside quartz QE [%] Wavelength [nm] Chromatic dispersion effect Variation of propagation velocity depending on the wavelength of Cherenkov photons 2009/3/17-19

  8. TOP counter Quartz bar (1850×400×20mm) Timing counter 10mmf quartz + MCP-PMT st0 < 15ps MWPC 1 MWPC 2 Trigger counter MCP-PMT (56ch) Lead glass + Finemesh PMT Quartz + support jig Beam test • At Fuji beam line in June and Dec. • Using real size quartz and MCP-PMT • MCP-PMT: Multi-alkali p.c., C.E.=60% • Check • Ring image • Number of photons • Time resolution 2009/3/17-19

  9. quartz (4) Beam 915mm (2) (1) 358mm Data Simulation (4) (3) (2) TDC [1count/25ps] TDC [1count/25ps] (1) ch ch Ring image • Proper ring image • Same time interval with simulation 2009/3/17-19

  10. Number of detected photons • Normal incidence (90 deg.) • Obtained number of photons as expected •  We can expect ~22 photons/event, if we use 14 PMTs. • Normalized by active area (1014 PMTs) Ave. num. of photons:15.7 Num. of photons 2009/3/17-19

  11. Focus mirror quartz Beam (875mm) ch29 1850mm [1count/25ps] [1count/25ps] 3rd 2nd 875mm 1st MCP-PMT(ch29) Time resolution • TDC distribution of ch.29 • Compare with the distribution expected by a simulation including PMT resolution and chromatic dispersion effect 1st 3rd 3rd 1st 2nd 2nd Simulation Data 2009/3/17-19

  12. Simulation Time resolution [ps] Propagation length [mm] Time resol. vs. propagation length • Check time resolution • For several incidence condition and channel • Data agrees well with simulation expectation.  Confirmed the level of chromatic dispersion effect 2009/3/17-19

  13. Photon detector R&D • Square-shape multi-anode MCP-PMT • Multi-alkali photo-cathode • Gain=1.5x106 @B=1.5T • T.T.S.(single photon): ~35ps @B=1.5T • Position resolution: <5mm • Semi-mass-production (14 PMTs) QE [%] σ=34.2±0.4ps QE：24%@400nm TDC [1count/25ps] Wavelength [nm] TTS＜40ps for all channels Ave. QE：17%@400nm 2009/3/17-19

  14. QE before againg Lifetime issue • Lifetime test • Multi-alkali p.c. with Al protection • With square-shape MCP-PMT •  Short lifetime,position dependence • Difference with round-shape PMT • Enough lifetime (>10 super-B year) • Need to confirm the lifetime of round-shape MCP-PMT • Need to confirm the difference • Internal structure QE after againg 2009/3/17-19

  15. Lifetime with round shape • MCP with 10mm pore • Multi-alkali p.c. • Aluminum protection on 1st MCP • Initial Q.E.; 20% at 400nm • Initial Gain; 4x106 • TTS keeps <40ps. • Need to improve for initial Q.E. and initial aging • Slope seems to be manageable. • Can expect to improve during R&D in next year Relative QE ? Relative Gain ~3 super-B years Output charge (mC/cm2) 2009/3/17-19

  16. R&D status • Multi-alkali p.c. SL10 • Added ceramic shield • To protect gas feedback •  Improved lifetime • Obtained normal Gain and TTS • Still need to irradiate more photons and study detail • Need to improve correction efficiency (~35%  ~60%) • Put Al protection layer on 2nd MCP •  Deliver April and May • GaAsP p.c. SL10 • Change the process method • To improve yield rate • Will add ceramic shield Preliminary result from HPK New Old 2009/3/17-19

  17. Summary • Prototype development • PMT module with multi-anode MCP-PMT • Integrated module with amplifier and CFD • Quartz radiator • Enough quartz quality for single photon detection • Performance test with beam • Proper ring image, number of detected photons (15.7 photons) • Time resolution as expected by simulation Confirmed chromatic dispersion effect • MCP-PMT R&D • 14 prototype PMTs show enough performance • TTS < 40ps for single photon for all channels • Lifetime tests • Round shape MCP-PMT shows manageable lifetime. • Square shape MCP-PMT • Improved lifetime with additional ceramic protection • Still need production R&D • GaAsP p.c. / Multi-alkali p.c. + CE=60% 2009/3/17-19

  18. Design study 2009/3/17-19

  19. Performance • Full simulation with • GaAsP photo-cathode + Focusing mirror • >400nm filter, CE=35% 2009/3/17-19

  20. Performance • GaAsP, Focusing mirror, 10ps jitter for T0 • >400nm filter, CE=35% 2009/3/17-19

  21. Performance • GaAsP, CE=35%, l>400nm 10ps jitter 2009/3/17-19

  22. Performance With 10ps jitter • GaAsP, CE=35% • l>400nm • Multi-alkali, CE=60% • l>350nm 2009/3/17-19

  23. Design study summary • TOP performance for several condition • Two readout type • Multi-alkali p.c. 2~3% fake-rate for 3~4GeV/c • GaAsP p.c. <2% • Start time fluctuation (10ps) 5% for forward part • One readout type • GaAsP p.c. 3~4% • Multi-alkali p.c. 7~10% • Depends on the photon detector • GaAsP p.c.  Both type OK, (2 bar or 1 bar+block) • Multi-alkali p.c.  2 bar 2009/3/17-19

  24. Backup 2009/3/17-19

  25. Performance • Multi-alkali, Focusing mirror, 10ps jitter for T0 • >350nm filter, CE=60% 2009/3/17-19

  26. Performance • Single readout type • GaAsP, Focusing mirror (R=7m),10ps jitter for T0 • >400nm filter, CE=35%, 4x4 anode 2009/3/17-19

  27. Performance • Single readout type • GaAsP, Focusing mirror (R=7m),10ps jitter for T0 • >400nm filter, CE=35%, 1x4 anode 2009/3/17-19

  28. Performance • Single readout type • GaAsP, Focusing mirror (R=7m),10ps jitter for T0 • >400nm filter, CE=35%, 1x4 anode, block 2009/3/17-19

  29. Performance • Single readout type • Multi-alkali, Focusing mirror (R=7m), 10ps jitter for T0 • >400nm filter, CE=60%, 1x4 anode 2009/3/17-19

  30. Performance • Focusing • Multi-alkali photo-cathode + >350mm filter, CE=60% 2009/3/17-19

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