1 / 17

Study Guide

This study guide provides an overview of Latin America's government systems, citizen participation, types of democracies, economic systems, and trade barriers. Learn about the distribution of power, citizen's role in government, types of democracy, economic systems of Brazil, Mexico, and Cuba, and the impact of literacy rate on development.

margiemcdonald
Download Presentation

Study Guide

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Study Guide Latin America Government and Economics

  2. 1-3. Define the ways government systems distribute power: Unitary, Confederation, Federal • Unitary- • Power is held by one central authority. • Confederation • Independent states/countries band together for some common purpose. • They only delegate a few powers to the central authority. By which they are giving up certain freedoms. • States/countries retain considerable independence. • Federal • Power is divided between one central and several regional authorities.

  3. 4-6. Define the ways governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic • Autocratic- • One person possesses unlimited power. • The citizen has limited, if any, role in government. • Oligarchic- • Government by the few. • Sometimes a small group exercises control, especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. • The citizen has a very limited role. • Democratic- • All citizens participate in the government

  4. 7. Describe the difference between parliamentary and presidential democracy • Parliamentary • Citizens elect members of parliament • Those members choose a leader from among themselves to be the Prime Minister (PM) • May have a monarch as the head of state • Presidential • Citizens SEPARATELY elect the members of the legislature and the President (chief executive) • Most South American countries have this form of democracy

  5. 8. What are the types of government and economic systems of Brazil, Mexico, Cuba? • Brazil- presidential democracy; mixed economy (closer to market) • Mexico- presidential democracy; mixed economy (closer to market) • Cuba- communist dictatorship; mixed economy (closer to command)

  6. 9. What are the 3 basic questions that all economic systems have to answer? • What goods and services will be produced? • How will the goods and services be produced? • Who will get the goods and services?

  7. 10-12. Describe the following economic systems: traditional, market, command, mixed • Traditional- • the customs and habits of the past make decisions • Market- • decisions are made by individuals • Command- • decisions are made by the government

  8. 13. What type of economic system do most Latin American countries have? • Most Latin American countries have a mixed economy, closer to the market side

  9. 14. Where are Brazil, Cuba, and Mexico located on the economic continuum? Brazil 57% Cuba 30% Pure Command Pure Market Mexico 66%

  10. 15-17. Define GDP (Gross Domestic Product), human capital, and capital goods • GDP- • the total value of all the goods and services produced in a country in one year • Human capital- • human workers • Education and healthcare

  11. 18-19. Define Capital goods and entrepreneurship • Any tool that a worker uses to make another good. Examples: machines in factories, computers • People who are willing to take risks in business

  12. 20. Describe the role of natural resources in a country’s economy • Typically, if a country has natural resources, then the economy will do well. • The country saves money because it does not have to import natural resources needed by the people

  13. 21. Explain how specialization encourages trade between countries • If one country specializes in one item, then they can become masters at producing that item. • Then, they can trade that really good item. • Other countries then specialize in other items and trade those. • Then the countries can trade and end up with good quality items after trading.

  14. 22-24. Define the following trade barriers: tariff, embargo, quota • Tariff- tax on imports • Embargo- a government order stopping trade with another country • Quota- limit on the amount of goods let into a country

  15. 25. What is currency exchange rate? • The price of one’s nation’s currency in terms of another nation’s currency • Examples: • $1=€1.37 • 1 Mexican peso=$0.079 • 1 Brazilian real= $0.567

  16. 26. What is the main purpose of NAFTA? • Increase trade by creating a large free-trade zone

  17. 27. How does Latin America’s literacy rate effect its development? • The higher the literacy rate the better the standard of living • Latin America tends to have several countries with low literacy rates

More Related