Europe’s Transition from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance

1. Europe’s Transition from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance 500 CE 1450 CE

2. Europe’s Transition to the Renaissance Fill out the handout as you go through the presentation

3. The Black DeathClick forward and examine the image. What details do you see? Triumph of Death c. 1562 (220 Kb); Oil on panel, 117 x 162 cm; Museo del Prado, Madrid http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/bruegel/death.jpg

4. Europe’s Transition to the Renaissance Black Death killed 1/3 of Europe’s population Peasants revolted and demanded more freedoms

5. Minimize the Presentation and watch the videos about the Black Death on the wiki. When you are finished, return to the presentation.

6. The Hundred Years’ WarExamine the image. What details do you see?This is Joan of Arc, a famous French woman who commanded an army during the 100 Years’ War, which was between Britain and France. Though she was captured and burned by the British for being a witch, she helped France win the war. Joan of Arc at the Siege of Orléans Jules Eugène Lenepveu, painted 1886–1890 http://www.answers.com/topic/siege-of-orl-ans

7. Europe’s Transition to the Renaissance Black Death killed 1/3 of Europe’s population Peasants revolted and demanded more freedom Hundred Years’ War allowed monarchs to build huge armies of peasants, which reduced power of lords and knights and increased patriotism

8. Trade and Commerce Change Town LifeClick forward and examine the image. What details do you see? French manuscript Fifteenth century, depicting the excahnge of goods and money

9. Europe’s Transition to the Renaissance Black Death killed 1/3 of Europe’s population Peasants revolted and demanded more freedom Hundred Years’ War allowed monarchs to build huge armies of peasants, which reduced power of lords and knights and increased patriotism Trade expands; People moved to cities to earn better wages; form guilds Status began to be determined by wealth and ability, not just birthright; The idea of a Middle Class begins to form

10. The Growth of Italian City-StatesBelow is an image of Florence during the 1400s Pianta della Catena c. 1470, painting of Florence cityscape

11. Europe’s Transition to the Renaissance Black Death killed 1/3 of Europe’s population Peasants revolted and demanded more freedom Hundred Years’ War allowed monarchs to build huge armies of peasants, which reduced power of lords and knights and increased patriotism The Medici family became patrons of Florence by using their profits to promote scholarship and the arts while they governed the city Middle class merchants gained control of great sums of money by organizing banks, which lent money to monarchs and nobles Trade expands; People moved to cities to earn better wages; form guilds Status began to be determined by wealth and ability, not birthright; The idea of a Middle Class begins to take form Italian cities, with ties to Byzantine and Muslim merchants, became rich and powerful

12. The Spirit of the Renaissance Cardinal Bessarion Humanist in his study, 15th century

13. Europe’s Transition to the Renaissance Middle Ages – a devotion to God and the maintenance of a strict social hierarchy Renaissance – a rebirth of classical learning and a belief in human potential Breakdown of Feudalism Scholars and artists looked to art and writings from ancient Greece and Rome for guidance (Classical learning) Black Death killed 1/3 of Europe’s population Peasants revolted and demanded more freedom Crusades to the Middle East and the resulting spread of Greek and Islamic scholars made Europeans eager to learn more about the world Hundred Years’ War allowed monarchs to build huge armies of peasants, which reduced power of lords and knights and increased patriotism Medici family of Florence used their profits to promote scholarship and the arts (patrons) while they governed the city Middle class merchants gained control of great sums of money by organizing banks, which lent money to monarchs and nobles Trade expands; People moved to cities to earn better wages; form guilds Status began to be determined by wealth and ability, not just birthright; The idea of a Middle Class takes form Italian cities, with ties to Byzantine and Muslim merchants, became rich and powerful

14. So, what is the Renaissance? It is the Beginning of Modern Europe • Era in Europe characterized by financial, artistic, social, scientific, and political growth • Started in the Italian city-states and spreads North • Public focus shifted from religion and the afterlife to the secular (non-religious) world • Much of the financial growth was used to support the arts

15. Connecting the dots… • What is the connection between the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and the time period we just finished studying, the Age of European Exploration? • In your notebook, create a simple flowchart. Draw a symbol or image for each era, and put them in correct chronological order:

16. Middle Renaissance Age of Ages 1400s-1500s Exploration473-1400s late 1400s and on

17. Europe’s Transition to the Renaissance Middle Ages – a devotion to ____ and the maintenance of a strict _______________ Renaissance – a _______________________ and a belief in human ____________ Breakdown of _________ Scholars and artists looked to art and writings from ancient ______ ___________ for guidance (Classical learning) ___________ killed 1/3 of Europe’s population __________ revolted and demanded more ________ __________ and the spread of Greek and Islamic scholars made Europeans eager to learn more about ___________ ______________________ allowed monarchs to build huge armies of _______ and reduced power of _________________ _________ family of ____________ used their profits to promote scholarship and the ______ (patrons) while they governed the city Middle class merchants gained control of great sums of money by organizing ______, which lent money to __________________ Trade expands; People moved to _____ to earn better wages; form _______ Status began to be determined by _________________, not just birthright; Idea of ______________ takes form _______________, with ties to Byzantine and Muslim merchants, became rich and powerful