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Multi-scale fluid flow modelling in fractured rocks for exploitation of geothermal energy Research project Starting m

Multi-scale fluid flow modelling in fractured rocks for exploitation of geothermal energy Research project Starting meeting. Hungarian call for application of EEA and the Norwegian Financial Mechanism - Priority Area 9 - Academic research. János Viszkok Trondheim, September 3, 2008.

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Multi-scale fluid flow modelling in fractured rocks for exploitation of geothermal energy Research project Starting m

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  1. Multi-scale fluid flow modelling in fractured rocks for exploitation of geothermal energy Research project Starting meeting • Hungarian call for application of EEA and the Norwegian Financial Mechanism - Priority Area 9 - Academic research János Viszkok Trondheim, September 3, 2008

  2. 1. Project proposal

  3. Promoter and partners Project promoter: Central Geo Ltd. • Mine surveying for petroleum industry • Property, right of possession • Geodesy • Damage management, re-cultivation, re-compensation • Geothermal energy (R&D)‏ Non- supported partners: University of Szeged, Faculty of Sciences University of Kaposvár, Institute of Diagnostics and Radiation Oncology Geological Survey of Norway Management Executive manager József Bukor Scientific Board Head: János Viszkok Members: Tivadar M. Tóth, Tamás Földes Bjorn Frengstad Fridtjov Ruden Financial & accounting manager Zoltán Iván Administration PROJECT-TEAM

  4. Budget: Total budget: € 727,852 (HUF 200.16 million)‏ • non-refundable support: € 436,711 (HUF 120.096 million) • Central-Geo share € 291,141 (HUF 80.064 million) Timing: • The proposal was submitted on 25 September, 2006 (The starting date was planned to 1. June, 2007)‏ • Accepted at the end of November, 2007 in Hungary • Supported by Norwegian evaluator in March, 2008 • Approved on 13 June, 2008 by Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Delay caused • Bureaucracy • Change in the original partners (NIVA)‏ • Improvement in working program (Johan Knudsen)‏ The Project has started on 1 August, 2008 and will be completed on 31st March, 2011.

  5. Section I: Data collection Start up: 2008.05.02. Completion: 2008.07.31. duration: 3 months Budget: 65,731 EUR Collection and control of available data from selected Hungarian and Norwegian part areas, setting up of the geological database. Structuring the geological conception models. Section II: Additional petrological tests Start up: 2008.06.01. Completion: 2008.10.31. duration: 5 months Budget: 129,185 EUR Planning, execution, interpretation and up-scaling of additional (micro) petrological examinations (CT, thin micro section) on sample areas. Adjusting the results into the geological models. Section III: Re-interpretation of macro data on sample areas Start up: 2008.06.01. Completion: 2008.09.30. duration: 4 months Budget: 42,276 EUR Re-interpretation and down-scaling of macro data (seismic section, orto-photos) on sample areas. Adjusting the results into the geological models. Section IV: Development of fracture simulation software Start up: 2008.08.01. Completion: 2009.02.28. duration: 7 months Budget: 101,549 EUR Development of fracture simulation software, testing with data from Norwegian sample areas, application of test results on Hungarian sample areas.

  6. Section V: Creation of geological and evolution historical models Start up: 2008.09.01. Completion: 2009.04.30. duration: 8 months Budget: 72,822 EUR Reconsideration of data from part areas, creation of geological and evolution historical models, their comparative analysis. Section VI: Examinations Start up: 2008.08.01. Completion: 2008.11.30. duration: 4 months Budget: 124,229 EUR Examination of fluid inclusions, hydro-geochemical comparative examinations, hydrodynamic CT tests under pressure. Section VII: Local modelling Start up: 2008.10.01. Completion: 2009.03.31. duration: 6 months Budget: 52,593 EUR Application of results of CT tests under pressure, hydrodynamic analysis of layer examinations, modelling of well and well-surrounding local hydrodynamics. Section VIII: Regional numeric flow and heat transport simulation Start up: 2008.12.01. Completion: 2009.06.30. duration: 7 months Budget: 32,458 EUR Creation of numeric models by the application of geological conception models, parameterization, and definition of constrains, installation of local models, creation of local-regional relations. Calibration, drawing up the scenarios, feedback, interpretation of results. Section IX: Summary of experiences obtained on sample areas Start up: 2009.02.01. Completion: 2009.09.30. duration: 8 months Budget: 92,687 EUR Summary of experiences obtained on sample areas, elaboration and verification of algorithms, technology of modelling fractured flow systems, economic analysis. Section X: PR activities Start up: 2008.05.01. Completion: 2009.12.31. duration: 20 months Budget: 14,321 EUR A continuous activity that includes the creation and maintenance of the web site, publications, participation at conferences and workshops, organization of popular presentations and other scientific results.

  7. Sections Start-up Completion Month Total Grant Own contribution 1. Data collection 2008.05.02. 2008.07.31 3 65 731 39 439 26 292 2. Planning, execution, interpretation, up-scaling of additional lithological (micro) examinations (CT, micro-sections), installation of results into the geological models 2008.06.01 2008.10.31 5 129 185 77 511 51 674 3. Re-interpretation of macro data (seismic section, orto-photos) on sample areas, down-scaling 2008.06.01 2008.09.30 4 42 276 25 366 16 911 4. Development of fracture simulation model, verification on Norwegian sample areas, application of test results on Hungarian sample areas 2008.08.01. 2009.02.28. 7 101 549 60 929 40 620 5. Re-interpretation of data from part areas, formation of geological, evolution historical models, comparative analysis. 2008.09.01. 2009.04.31. 8 72.822 43.693 29.129 6. Fluid inclusion examinations, comparative hydro-geochemical examinations, hydrodynamic CT examinations under pressure 2008.08.01. 2008.11.31. 4 124 229 74 537 49 692 7. Analysis of layer examinations, hydrodynamic modelling of well and of well surroundings 2008.10.01 2009.03.31 6 52 593 31 556 21 037 8. Regional numerical flow and heat transport simulation 2008.12.01. 2009.06.30 7 32 458 19 475 12 983 9. Summary of experiences obtained from sample areas, formation and verification of algorithms, technology of modelling fractured flow systems, economic analysis 2009.02.01. 2009.12.31. 8 92 687 55 612 37 075 10. PR activities 2008.05.01 2008.12.31. 20 14 321 8 593 5 728 Total 2008.05.01 2008.12.31. 727 852 436 711 291 141

  8. Goals fromGOL (grant offer letter)‏

  9. Objectives Indicators Initial value Target value Overall objectives • Promotion of sustainable development on the field of power management Proportion of energy from renewable sources in the total energy consumption 3,6 % 8 % • Mitigation of damage of natural environment (air, soil, water)‏ Annual expenses for environment protection in the proportion of the GDP 3 % 2,5 % • Improvement of Hungary’s tourism attractions and increase of income of the tourism industry Contribution of tourism to the GDP in Hungary 9-10 % 12 % Project specific objectives • Exploitation and utilization of geothermal energy and thermal water Number of explored thermal wells 0 5 • Examination of fracture networks on different sample areas of the Great Plain Extent of the newly surveyed area 0 1000 ha • Identification and structure geological interpretation of fracture events, formation of 3D fracture model Number of created 3D models 0 1 Project indicators

  10. Results Indicators Initial value Target value • Completion of geological databases Number of geological databases created 0 2 • Planning and accomplishment of lithological examination (CT, thin-sections)‏ Number of lithological examination accomplished 200 400 • Development of fracture simulation software modules Number of software module developed 2 5 • Formation of geological and evolution models Number of models created 0 2 • Fluid inclusion examinations, hydro-geochemical comparative examinations Number of examination accomplished 0 30 • Hydrodynamic CT examinations under pressure Number of CT examination accomplished 0 3 • Regional numeric flow and heat transport simulation Number of simulations accomplished 0 1 • Modelling technology of fractured flow systems Number of technologies developed 0 1 • Accomplishment of economic analysis Number of reports 0 1 Project indicators

  11. 2. Multi-scale fracture flow concept

  12. Preliminaries 1. Heat mining activity is determined by simultaneous availability of • appropriate original pressure conditions, • dynamic water reserves in large quantities (porous and fractured media), • high geothermal gradient(, which are especially favourable in Hungary). 2. Cost of drilling increases the demand of decreasing the risk of the research. 3. The cost and the effect on the environment of conventional energy increases the claim and the profitability of renewable energy. To get deeper insight into the rock to detect and/or predict the fracture system and the fluid movement in it. Main idea: Using Norwegian experiments on fracturing and fracture flow in basement rocks, which are similar to those in the basement of Great Hungarian Plain and determining experimental rules for fracture flow. Or fracture flow rules establishedin micro-scale convert to meso-scale and validate it on Norwegian geothermal fields

  13. Tension Fractures : without throw Faults : fractures with throw Fracture system Lagalaye Relationship with Sedimentology : link fracturation / rock stiffness link fracturation / layer thickness link fracturation / lithology Geological and tectonic history: (diagenesis, dissolution, ...)‏

  14. Fracturing • Multiple scales Horizontal Vertical Throw • Seismic faults 500 m - 10 km 100 m - 1 km 10 m - 500 m • Sub-seismic faults 100 m - 1 km 50 m - 500 m 0 - 20 m • Fracture corridors 10 m - 1 km 10 m - 100 m # 0 m • «Fractures» or «Joints» 1 cm - 10 m 1 cm - 10 m 0 - 1 m • Micro-fracturation 1 mm - 1 cm 1 mm - 1 cm 0 • Mechanisms of formation • Tension (Joint) Open fractures if direction parallel to present principal stress direction • Shearing (Faults) Due to a displacement non perpendicular to object planes • Compression - Dissolution Barriers in general (Stylolithes, deformation bands,...)‏ Lagalaye

  15. Nested network of discontinuitieson different magnitude Scale effect

  16. Detection of micro-fracturing • Conventional thin section • Fluid inclusion by Tivadar M. Tóth • CT measurements by Tamás Földes

  17. The scale effect on conductivity (K)‏ Király

  18. Chain of scale and missing link Size Scale: Micro scale: „handsize” Well/field scale: „missing scale” Regional scale: Petrological examinations/ light microscope fluid inclusionwith heating table Fracture distribution in 3D / Computed Tomography and texture and flow-test Flow properties / well-test, pumping/slump-test, production-test Rock properties / well logging Flow properties/ interference test Fracture network modeling / deduction Local faults / field work, seismic interpretation Regional faults / air photo Fracture flow modeling / deduction/scenario thin section core well pool/field prospect Hierarchized flow Relationship of different scales: up and down-scaling techniques

  19. Fracture flow hierarchization Viszkok

  20. Király

  21. Fracture description • Micro-scale: thin section and fluid inclusion study (Szeged Univ.)‏ • Well-scale: well-logs, well-test, core -> CT measurements (Kaposvár Univ)‏ • Field-scale:interference study, fracture modeling, heat and fracture flow modeling • Mezősas-W & Jánoshalma - abandoned fractured HC reservoirs in the basement of Great Hungarian Plain (CG) • Norwegian geothermal field („B” plan: air-photos) (NGU) • Using Norwegian (analogues) experience of fracturing and fracture flow for covered Hungarian geothermal reservoirs. • Basin-scale: air-photos, seismic line, heat and fracture flow modeling (CG)‏

  22. Experimental sites • Mezősas West field • Jánoshalma field • Norwegian geothermal field (air photos)‏ Proposed methodology • Data gathering • CT measurements • Fluid inclusion • Well: Well-log, well-test, interference test • Field, Basin: Seismic line and air-photo interpretation • Fracture modeling • Fracture flow and heat modeling • Up/down scaling for fracturing

  23. 3. Discussion • Team making • Suggestion on research project (keep in mind)‏ • collection and control of geological data from selected Hungarian and Norwegian areas • execution of tests and interpretation of results • development software and models for predicting geothermal sites (?!)‏ • production of research papers, based on the work and publication in scientific journals • sharing information and using the project for teaching • management and publicity • Norwegian site • Time schedule • Information flow • Dissemination • Publication, • Conference, • Internet: MFF home-page

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