Chapter 19 section 4

1. Chapter 19 section 4 Americans on the Home Front

2. Financing the War • Henry Ford had orders to build 16,000 tanks and 20,000 tractors • Government launched an effort to raise money using liberty bonds – special bonds to support Allied cause • Raised more than $20 billion and paid for ¼ of the US war effort and loan $10 billion to Allies

3. Enforcing Loyalty • US government imposed limitations on media – banned any anti-Allies material • National Security League put limitations on immigration • Schools no longer taught German, and German books disappeared • The Sedition Act of 1918 – any speech or action that encourages rebellion, made it illegal to obstruct the sale of Liberty Bonds or speak negatively about the US • Vigilantes – those who take the law into their own hands, lynched and whipped anyone who opposed the war

4. Managing the Economy • Industry switched from commercial goods to war goods • War Industries Board regulated what, how, and when things could be produced • August 1917, Congress passed the Lever Food and Fuel Control Act giving the President the power to manage the production and distribution of food and fuels • Imposed price controls – system of pricing determined by the government, on the sale of food • Also imposed rationing – distributing goods to consumers in a fixed amount • Created Daylight Saving Time – turning clocks ahead for summer in an effort to decrease fuel use

5. A Changed Home • Immigration from Europe virtually ceased during war • Many young men were who were killed were no longer in the labor pool • Factories needed more workers for war-related manufacturing • 400,000 women joined the workforce • 500,000 African Americans moved north for jobs