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INAC's Support for First Nations Water and Wastewater Infrastructure

This overview highlights the Government of Canada's commitment to providing safe and reliable drinking water for First Nations communities, including funding, training, and guidance. It also covers investments made in water and wastewater infrastructure between 2006-2010.

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INAC's Support for First Nations Water and Wastewater Infrastructure

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  1. INAC's Support for First Nations Water and Wastewater Infrastructure April 1, 2006 – March 31, 2010

  2. Roles • The Government of Canada is committed to helping First Nations in the provision of safe, clean, and reliable drinking water. • To achieve this goal, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) provides funding and advice to First Nations to assist in the management and operation of water systems, related to the design, construction, operation and maintenance of water and wastewater systems. It also provides funding for the training and certification of water system operators. • Health Canada works with First Nation communities south of 60° to identify potential drinking water quality problems, and Environment Canada provides advice and guidance material in the areas of source water protection and sustainable water use. • First Nations are responsible for the daily operation and management of their systems, which includes the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and monitoring of their water systems. First Nations' authorities issue Drinking Water Advisories in First Nation communities, usually on the recommendation of Health Canada, or on their own initiative in emergency situations.

  3. National Overview: Investments in First Nations Water and Wastewater Infrastructure Between April 1, 2006 and March 31, 2010, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada invested approximately $1.25 billion in water and wastewater infrastructure in First Nations. These investments have been made through INAC’s Capital Facilities and Maintenance Program, First Nations Water and Wastewater Action Plan, and Canada’s Economic Action Plan. This funding included approximately $820 million in capital expenditures, covering activities such as development of new water and wastewater systems, upgrades of existing systems, system repairs, feasibility studies, and related activities. Investments also included approximately $431 million to cover the costs of the operation and maintenance of water and wastewater facilities. These figures included approximately $68.6 million in investments for on-reserve water and wastewater projects under Canada’s Economic Action Plan. Indian and Northern Affairs Canada investments in First Nations Water and Wastewater infrastructure (April 1, 2006 - March 31, 2010) *In the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, infrastructure for all communities, including First Nation communities, is the responsibility of the territorial governments.

  4. Capital Facilities and Maintenance Program The Capital Facilities and Maintenance (CFM) program within INAC is the main pillar of the Government of Canada's effort to support community infrastructure for First Nations on reserve. The program's funding, which totals approximately $1 billion per year, is invested in four main areas: housing, education, water and wastewater systems, and other infrastructure. The program has three funding streams - operations and maintenance, minor capital (for projects under $1.5 million) and major capital (for projects over $1.5 million). First Nations Water and Wastewater Action Plan (FNWWAP) FNWWAP was originally introduced in 2008, providing $330 million in water and wastewater funding over two years for treatment facility construction and renovation, operation and maintenance of facilities, training of operators and related public health activities on reserves. In May 2010, FNWWAP was extended over two more years until 2012, providing an additional $330 million to improve the provision of drinking water in First Nation communities. Canada’s Economic Action Plan (CEAP) In Budget 2009, Canada’s Economic Action Plan announced $165 million over two years to support the on-reserve construction of 18 water and wastewater projects. Funding for on-reserve projects was adjusted in Budget 2010 to increase support for water and wastewater projects to $179 million. Total planned CEAP expenditures for Water and Wastewater is now $190 million over two years and will conclude in March 2011. Sources of Funding for First Nations Water and Wastewater Infrastructure

  5. Atlantic Provinces • Between April 1, 2006 and March 31, 2010, INAC invested approximately $36 million in water and wastewater infrastructure for First Nations in Atlantic Canada. • Major projects undertaken in the region during this period included the: • design and construction of a water supply, sewage collection and treatment system in Lennox Island First Nation at a cost of $8 million; • construction of a $2.7 million new well and water storage reservoir for Wagmatcook First Nation, including the installation of water lines; and • $1.5 million upgrade of the Chapel Island lagoon, including the installation of an aeration system and a treatment building containing disinfection equipment. Atlantic Provinces: First Nations Water and Wastewater Investments (April 1, 2006 - March 31, 2010)

  6. Quebec • Between April 1, 2006 and March 31, 2010, INAC invested approximately $113.7 million in water and wastewater infrastructure for First Nations in Quebec. • Major projects undertaken in the region during this period included the: • $8.7 million upgrade to the drinking water treatment facilities in Unamen Shipu (La Romaine) through FNWWAP, including the expansion of the drinking water treatment facilities and the installation of a new treatment system; • $1.85 million expansion of the drinking water reservoir in Wemotaci, increasing its capacity to meet the needs of the community for the next 25 years; and • $350,000 reservoir rehabilitation project in Manawan to waterproof the reservoir walls and maintain their structural integrity as well as facilitate maintenance. Quebec: First Nations Water and Wastewater Investments (April 1, 2006 - March 31, 2010)

  7. Ontario • Between April 1, 2006 and March 31, 2010, INAC invested approximately $318.6 million in water and wastewater infrastructure for First Nations in Ontario. • Major projects undertaken in the region during this period included the: • completion of the $8.3 million Kingfisher First Nation water treatment plant through FNWWAP, containing a larger storage capacity enabling it to meet future water demands and allow the community to grow; • investment of $14 million for new Garden Village water and wastewater treatment system at Nipissing First Nation to improve the water quality and communal wastewater treatment within the community; and • development of a $20 million water system in Moose Deer Point First Nation through CEAP, including the construction of a new water treatment plant and repairs to the current infrastructure. Ontario: First Nations Water and Wastewater Investments (April 1, 2006 - March 31, 2010)

  8. Manitoba • Between April 1, 2006 and March 31, 2010, INAC invested approximately $227 million in water and wastewater infrastructure for First Nations in Manitoba. • Major projects undertaken in the region during this period included the: • completion of a new $7.2 million sewage lagoon on Pinaymootang First Nation through CEAP as well as the decommissioning of the existing lagoon. • Fisher River First Nation water and sewer project, completed at a cost of $15 million and consisting of a new water treatment plant, new lagoon, water distribution and sewage collection piping, as well as multiple trucks; and • $26.7 million water and sewer project in Garden Hill First Nation, consisting of the installation of water distribution and sewage collection piping, house service connections as well as upgrades to the water and sewage treatment plants. Manitoba: First Nations Water and Wastewater Investments (April 1, 2006 - March 31, 2010)

  9. Saskatchewan • Between April 1, 2006 and March 31, 2010, INAC invested approximately $214.8 million in water and wastewater infrastructure for First Nations in Saskatchewan. • Major projects undertaken in the region during this period included the: • $2 million expansion of the George Gordon First Nation water storage and treatment system, including the development of a new supply well to increase the reservoir storage capacity; • $4.6 million investment in the Lac La Ronge Band water system project, an initiative that includes multiple partners and will culminate in the development of a new water treatment plant; and • $4.35 million expansion of the Piapot Cree First Nation water treatment plant including the building of a new well, increased building and reservoir size and development of new treatment equipment including reverse osmosis. Saskatchewan: First Nations Water and Wastewater Investments (April 1, 2006 - March 31, 2010)

  10. Alberta • Between April 1, 2006 and March 31, 2010, INAC invested approximately $144.9 million in water and wastewater infrastructure for First Nations in Alberta. • Major projects undertaken in the region during this period included the: • Driftpile First Nation water treatment plant which uses nano-filtration membrane technology to treat the source water in the community at a cost of $8 million from the FNWWAP; • Dene Tha' First Nation $12.8 million water treatment plant which also uses non-filtration membrane technology, through CEAP; and • $4.01 million investment in the creation of “New Water Limited”, a corporation owned 25 per cent by the Woodland Cree, created through a partnership with Northern Sunrise County, the Village of Nampa, the Woodland Cree First Nation and the provincial and municipal governments, and dedicated to serving several communities with safe potable water. Alberta: First Nations Water and Wastewater Investments (April 1, 2006 - March 31, 2010)

  11. British Columbia British Columbia: First Nations Water and Wastewater Investments (April 1, 2006 - March 31, 2010) • Between April 1, 2006 and March 31, 2010, INAC invested approximately $174.4 million in water and wastewater infrastructure for First Nations in British Columbia. • Major projects undertaken in the region during this period included the: • $1.7 million improvement to the Simpcw First Nation drinking water system, including the construction of a new water treatment plant; • $4.7 million upgrade to the Kwicksutaineuk First Nation water treatment plant facility, providing reliable drinking water to residents; and • $1.4 million investment in the construction of ultraviolet and chlorine disinfection system in the Iskut First Nation, enhancing the overall drinking water system in the community.

  12. Yukon Yukon: First Nations Water and Wastewater Investments (April 1, 2006 - March 31, 2010) • Between April 1, 2006 and March 31, 2010, INAC invested approximately $21.6 million in water and wastewater infrastructure for First Nations in Yukon Territory • Major projects undertaken in the region during this period included the: • $7.36 million upgrade of the Taku River Tlingit (located on the border between BC and the Yukon) water treatment system including improvements to the old water treatment plant and the design and construction of a new one; • $4.27 million design and construction of a new water treatment plant in White River First Nation including the clean-up of contaminated soil and the protection of fresh water on the reserve; and • ongoing construction of a $3.2 million water treatment system, as well as operator training and a new truck for delivery, in Liard First Nation ensuring that the community has sustainable access to drinking water.

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