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Issues and Answers with Turfgrass

Issues and Answers with Turfgrass. Ronald Calhoun calhoun@msu.edu Michigan State University Extension. Top Ten List. Crabgrass Moles Broadleaf Weeds Mulching Leaves Organic. Renovation Fertilizer Mowing Watering Grubs. “Pesticides are a shortcut to cultural practices.”.

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Issues and Answers with Turfgrass

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  1. Issues and Answers with Turfgrass • Ronald Calhoun • calhoun@msu.eduMichigan State University Extension

  2. Top Ten List • Crabgrass • Moles • Broadleaf Weeds • Mulching Leaves • Organic • Renovation • Fertilizer • Mowing • Watering • Grubs

  3. “Pesticides are a shortcut to cultural practices.” -the Yard Doctor, 2006

  4. My Perfect Lawn Species Today

  5. Turfgrasses of Michigan: Characteristics and Adaptation * Only as a temporary cover during establishment.

  6. Bunch Type -Tillers

  7. Stoloniferous - Stolons

  8. Rhizomatous -Rhizomes

  9. My Perfect Lawn Fertility Species Today

  10. Jim Dandy Lawn Fertilizer20 - 10 - 10 Guaranteed Analysis Total Nitrogen (N)..................................... 20% Ammoniacal Nitrogen......................... 5% Urea.................................................... 15% Available Phosphate (P2O5)....................... 10% Soluble Potash........................................... 10% Derived from: Urea Nitrogen, AmmoniumPhosphate, Muriate of Potash. Equivalent to: 700 lbs CaCO3 Net Wt. 50 lbs Text J.T. Dandy Fertilizer Company 4444 Farm Lane East Lansing, MI 48824

  11. Lawn Weed BMP II (2 years)

  12. MSU Soil Test Reports apply 1.5-2.0 lb P2O5 no apps. apply 0.5-1.0 lb P2O5 2001-2002 Summary of 500 Samples

  13. My Perfect Lawn Fertility Mowing Height Species Today

  14. 4.5” 1.5” 6” 4” 3” 3” 2” 1” The One-Third Rule Mowing following 1/3 Rule Desired Mowing Height

  15. Plant response to mowing heights

  16. Continual Scalping 6”

  17. BMP plots at MSU • Kentucky bluegrass • Mowing Height • 2 or 4 inches • Fertilizer Program • None or Holiday Plan (3# N/M/YR) • Herbicide Treatment • None, Trimec Classic or Confront

  18. 2”, non-fertilized 4”, non-fertilized 4”, 3# N/M/YR 4”, 3# N/M/YR, Trimec Pictures from May 10, 2004

  19. 2”, non-fertilized 4”, non-fertilized 4”, 3# N/M/YR 4”, 3# N/M/YR, Trimec Pictures from Jul 13, 2004

  20. BMP Results (five years)

  21. Top Ten List • Crabgrass • Moles • Broadleaf Weeds • Mulching Leaves • Organic • Renovation • Fertilizer • Mowing • Watering • Grubs

  22. My Perfect Lawn Irrigation Fertility Mowing Height Species Today

  23. My Perfect Lawn Irrigation Cultivation Fertility Mowing Height Species Today

  24. Top Ten List • Crabgrass • Moles • Broadleaf Weeds • Mulching Leaves • Organic • Renovation • Fertilizer • Mowing • Watering • Grubs

  25. Root Feeding Insects • Grubs: • Japanese beetle • European chafer • June beetle • Black turfgrass ataenius • Aphodius granarius

  26. Japanese Beetle-Larvae • Damage: • Feed on roots in May and early • June and again in Sept. and • October • Moisture stress causes damaged • turf to turn brown • Appearance: • White C-shaped grubs to 1” • Threshold: • 15-20 per sq. ft. on irrigated turf • 5-10 per sq. ft. on non-irrigated turf

  27. Japanese Beetle-Adult • Adults emerge in July - early August. • Dark metallic green beetle, • half inch long. • Adults feed on wide range of ornamentals. • Eggs deposited in turf July - August.

  28. Japanese Beetle • Larvae mature to 1/2 to 1 in. late Sept. • Damaged turf may die from root pruning. • Grubs move deeper into soil to overwinter. • Larvae pupate to beetles following June.

  29. Japanese Beetle • Skunks and raccoons may rip up turf looking for larvae. • Irrigated turf has a tremendous ability to recover. • Monitor populations. • Insecticides should be watered-in to reach the larvae.

  30. Japanese Beetle • Control is highly variable. • 50 to 80% control • Check 3 weeks after treatment • Beetle traps do not provide control. • Biological insecticides. • Variable results • Check for latest efficacy information • and new products

  31. European Chafer-Larvae • Damage: • Feed on roots in early May - June and again in Sept. - Oct. Damaged turf may turn brown • Appearance: • White C-shaped grub up to 1” • Threshold: • 15-20 per sq. ft. on irrigated turf • 5-10 per sq. ft. on un-irrigated turf

  32. European Chafer-Adult • Light brown, stout body, clubbed antennae, half in. long • Adults emerge in late June and July - about 2 weeks earlier than Japanese beetle • Similar one year life cycle

  33. European Chafer Information • Grubs feed longer in the fall (early Nov.) and return to the surface sooner (early April) than JB. • Damage threshold and control similar to Japanese beetle.

  34. Top Ten List • Crabgrass • Moles • Broadleaf Weeds • Mulching Leaves • Organic • Renovation • Fertilizer • Mowing • Watering • Grubs

  35. Preemergence Barrier

  36. Pick a date? May0% May51% 2001 2002 Crabgrass emergence by month.

  37. Soil temp better… <60 degrees F0% 60-70 degrees F85% 60-70 degrees F66% 2001 2002 Crabgrass emergence by month.

  38. Moles Tunnel through the soil looking for grubs, earthworms, other insects and animals. Surface can be disrupted by raised ridges and soil piles.

  39. Top Ten List • Crabgrass • Moles • Broadleaf Weeds • Mulching Leaves • Organic • Renovation • Fertilizer • Mowing • Watering • Grubs

  40. Weed ID on the WEB www.msuturfweeds.net

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