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Learn about the military and diplomatic impacts of WWII, including new military techniques, the mobilization of civilians, and the emergence of a new world order.
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WWII Battles 1942 - 1945
I. Overview of Military & Diplomatic Impacts of WWII: • Global & Total War Bring Unprecedented Devastation • New military techniques & technologies • Examples: Aerial “Fire Bombing”, Paratroopers, Amphibious Invasions, Radar, Flame Throwers, Nuclear Weapons • Civilians across the globe mobilized & targeted • 50 million dead/wounded world wide -- 1 million US dead/wounded
I. Overview of Military & Diplomatic Impacts of WWII: • New World Order Emerges • U.S. ends isolationism & accepts role as world “superpower” during & after war • Traditional European powers influence diminishes as war progresses • US/USSR power struggle (aka “the Cold War”) begins even before WWII officially ends
Gen. George Patton First minute
D – Day June 6th, 1944
5000 vessels 150,000 men 30,000 vehicles Six parachute regiments – over 13,000 men 300 planes dropped 13,000 bombs over Normandy in advance of the invasion By nightfall on June 6, 10,000 Allied soldiers were dead , but more than 100,000 had made it ashore
Battle of the Bulge -- December, 1944 Casualties: American: 19,000 killed, 47,500 wounded, 23,000 captured or missing German: 67,200 to 100,000 killed, wounded/captured/missing 3 min. 3 min.
Casualties at Stalingrad: 700,000 Axis 1,100,000 Soviets
Allies Meets USSR At Elbe River April, 1945 VE Day – May 8th
“Island Hopping” Strategy
Battle of Iwo Jima Feb./March, 1945
1:23-1:29 U.S. 7000 dead, 19,000 wounded Japan 20,000 dead, 1000 captured
“Conventional” bombing devastates Japan in spring/summer 1945 (over 60 cities destroyed) 100,000 killed in firebombing of Tokyo First 1-2 minutes
82-Day Long Battle of Okinawa convinces some American leaders that Japanese leaders will not consider surrender Kamikaze神風 Attacks (2,525) 70 U.S. vessels "sunk or damaged beyond repair“ Deaths: Japanese military 77,166 U.S. military 14,000 Japanese civilians 149,000
Harry S Truman Becomes President April, 1945
Manhattan Project Develops Atomic Bomb – Completed July, 1945 J. RobertOppenheimer – head scientist Employed 130,000 people & cost $2 Billion ($27 billion in 2011 dollars) Original Target Germany. New Target: Japan
Potsdam Conference – July 1945 – “Big Three” plan end of WWII Japan rejects surrender ultimatum US & UK do not reveal existence of A-Bomb to USSR
Hiroshima & Nagasaki August 6th & 9th 1945
30 seconds August, 1945 Hiroshima & Nagasaki suffer Atomic Bomb
Japan Accepts Unconditional Surrender V J Day - September 2, 1945