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AFRICAN PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

Discover the vast and diverse physical features of Africa, from the mighty Nile River to the stunning Victoria Falls. Learn about the Sahara Desert, the Sahel, savannas, and unique wildlife habitats like the Okavango Swamp. Explore the beauty and challenges of the African landscape.

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AFRICAN PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

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  1. AFRICAN PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

  2. Introduction • Massive continent, 2nd largest. • Large, complex, and often misunderstood • Equally in North and South hemisphere

  3. The Nile River • Longest River in the World • White Nile and Blue Nile meet in Sudan to form the Nile River • Flows northward, emptying in the Mediterranean Sea • Without the annual flooding in Egypt land would not be arable

  4. THE NILE RIVER The Nile Lower Nile Upper Nile

  5. SUEZ CANAL • Located in Egypt • Divides the mainland Egypt from the Sinai Peninsula • Connects the Mediterranean Sea with Red Sea • One third the distance that it was before

  6. SUEZ CANAL

  7. SAHARA DESERT • Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world (not counting the Arctic and Antarctica) • Why 1. On the Tropic of Cancer 2. Permanent high pressure system 3. Rain Shadow by Atlas Mountains

  8. SAHARA DESERT • There are two main types of landscape in the Sahara • Erg – sand dunes • Reg – gravel covered plain

  9. SAHEL • Semi-arid region just south of the Sahara • Dry grasslands with scattered trees • Desertification is a growing problem • Growing of the desert caused by climate changes and over grazing

  10. SAVANNAS • Tropical grasslands with scattered trees and shrubs • This is where many of the African Safaris take place • Large populations of wildlife • Serengeti – means “endless plains” • Largest mammal migration and game reserve

  11. Tsetse Fly The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly • Bad – Carries a disease the make its victims (humans and domesticated animal) have “Sleeping Sickness” • Good – Wildlife are immune. Humans and livestock avoid some of these areas creating a natural game preserve

  12. A Vast Plateau • Huge plateau covers most of Africa (1,000 ft. above sea level). • Basins - huge depressions on plateau (Chad, Sudan, Congo Basins). Water collects here. • Plateaus separated by escarpments—steep slope with flat plateau on top

  13. CONGO RIVER BASIN • Located near the equator in central and western Africa • This is where the majority of Africa’s tropical rain forests are located

  14. Lake Victoria • Located in the middle of the Great Rift Valley of Eastern Africa • It is a shallow depression • Largest lake in Africa

  15. Victoria Falls • Forms a border between Zambia and Zimbabwe • Largest waterfall in the world

  16. Okavango Swamp/River • Worlds largest inland river delta • River is absorbed by the Kalahari Desert • Large game reserve in the desert

  17. Kalahari Desert • Largest Desert in southern Africa • Has many oasis which makes it habitable • Oasis – vegetated areas in a desert caused by fresh water springs

  18. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE • Southern most point of Africa • Converging currents from the Indian and Atlantic Oceans make waters dangerous for sailing but great wildlife Only Place in the world Great Whites breach South African Penguins

  19. Flying Jaws of South Africa

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