Karnataka State Natural Disaster Monitoring Centre Centre

1. Karnataka State Natural Disaster Monitoring CentreCentre (A Regd. Society and Autonomous Body, Affiliated to Dept. of Science & Technology, GoK) Objective : Providing Science & Technology based information on Natural Disaster to the Government & General Public. Major Sandeep Unnikrishnan Road, Near Attur Layout, Yelahanka, Bangalore-560064 E-mail: dmc.kar@nic.in, dmc.kar@gmail.com, Website: www.ksndmc.org Phone: 67355000 Director: 67355105 Fax: 67355198

2. Advices & Services of KSNDMC Common Man Agrarian Community R & D Irrigation Agro based Sector Transport Sector Power & Energy Fisherman

3. Role of KSNDMC in SUJALA III • Guide in establishing Automatic Weather Stations in Watersheds and Data acquisition / Analysis • Undertake weather analysis for identifying frequency of droughts and evolve plans related to climate smart farming • Capacity Building • Climate variability • Weather advisory in Project Areas • Data needs and its Institutionalization

4. Sustainability through Actionable Knowledge and Technology Innovation EMPOWERING THE INDIAN FARMER The farmers have proved capable of adopting new technologies ; modern methods have made way into our farming practices. There are problems, however, that still cause immense hardship to our farmers, and where conventional technologies can not help. An example is the cost of irrigation. A marginal farmer has to hire and transport irrigation equipment; each irrigation episode costs about ` 2600. Owing to such costs, farmers are usually burdened by loans that reduce income and also bring down their morale. • THE SCIENCE SOLUTION • Advance knowledge of imminent rain to avoid unnecessary irrigation • Computer-aided dynamical forecasts to decide irrigation scheduling PRODUCT DESIGN: UNDERSTANDING USER NEEDS Weather informatics for forecast enabled precision agriculture

5. Sustainability through Actionable Knowledge and Technology Innovation We at KSNDMC have developed knowledge solutions based on weather informatics and forecasts specially designed to meet users‛ needs • THE CHALLENGE OF OUTREACH • Solution must be with: • Immediate and tangible benefits • No risk due to error in forecast • Easy access for implementation Farmers do not need precise values of rainfall or temperature: Forecast rainfall categories Forecast must be at high spatial resolution: Forecast at village cluster (Hobli) level ~75% ACCURACY IN COUNT OF RAINY DAYS IN A MONTH Forecast disseminated through Karnataka State Natural Disaster Monitoring Centre (KSNDMC) Validation using high-density raingauge network of KSNDMC Weather informatics for forecast enabled precision agriculture

6. Weather Informatics for Farmers: From Lab to Field Sample of End User Feedback A small or marginal farmer needs to spend ~ Rs 2500 for every irrigation episode This reduces the net earning of the farmer, and increases the loan burden Irrigation also adds to energy and carbon footprints of agriculture THE SCIENCE SOLUTION Advance knowledge of imminent rain to avoid unnecessary irrigation Computer-aided dynamical forecasts to decide irrigation scheduling PRODUCT DESIGN: UNDERSTANDING USER NEEDS Forecast is used to advise farmers when NOT to irrigate if rain is imminent An error in forecast only delays irrigation: risk-free Accurate forecast saves the expenditure: tangible benefit Reduced irrigation provides long-term benifits • THE CHALLENGE OF OUTREACH • Solution must be with • Immediate and tangible benefits • less risk due to error in forecast • Easy access for implementation • A science solution is not necessarily an outreach solution Along with its various ICT methods, KSNDMC also maintains a 24x7 Help Desk The area was receiving continuous rain and he would plan harvesting of banana crop if there was no rain in the next 3 days. The information based on the rainfall forecast helped him. Feedback from: Sh.Rudragouda OPERATIONAL SINCE JULY, 2010 WITH HAPPY END USERS He contacted the HELP DESK of KSNDMC for weather forecasts. The forecasts were found to be correct in most cases. He greatly benefited from these forecasts, especially for planning sowing, fertilizer applications and insecticide/pesticide applications Sh. BasavarajPattadakallu, Bagalkote district Sh. Balakrishna, Farmer FromArkalgud, Contacts the HELP DESK of KSNDMC. He had taken up cultivation of tobacco and wishes to know whether it would rain or not in the next 3 to 4 days to plan irrigation schedule. He was informed about imminent rain in his hobli based on the forecast of C-MMACS. He called later to inform that the forecast helped him to save about `.2,500. Climate and Environmental Modelling Programmewww.cmmacs.ernet.in Celebrating 25 Years

7. GPRS Enabled and Solar Powered Telemetric Rain Gauge Stations (TRG) Network In Karnataka

8. GPRS Enabled and Solar powered Telemetric Weather Stations (TWS) network in Karnataka

10. Existing network Telemetric Rain Gauge in all the 5785 Grampanchayaths Telemetric Weather Stations in all the 747 Hoblis A Rainfall monitoring station at every 32 sq. Km A Weather monitoring station at every 270 sq. Km SUJALA-III project needs Weather Monitoring Station at every 5 sq. Km KSNDMC can take up the installation of compatible Weather Monitoring Stations and Integrate with the Existing Network.

11. Daily Rainfall Maps of Karnataka

12. Improvement in capturing Spatial Resolution of Rainfall Example: Bhalki Taluk, Bidar District 1 2 3 • One rain gauge for the taluk • Hobli level telemetric rain gauge without Interpolation • Hobli level telemetric rain gauge with Interpolation by krigging

13. Improvement in capturing Spatial Resolution of Rainfall at Grama Panchayath level - Example: Haveri Hobli 1 2 3

14. Variation in Temperature measured in a area of 200 m x 200 m at KUDUR Hobli in Ramanagara District. Maximum difference is observed 2.8°C at 05:00 am of 18th December 2012

15. Hobli-Level Weather Forecast

16. KSNDMC in collaboration with CSIR-CMMACS, Bangalore has • developed a meso-scale model for Hobli level Rainfall Forecast. • Hobli level Rainfall Forecast is issued twice a day at 8.30 am • and 4.30 pm everyday. • KSNDMC in collaboration with SAC, Ahmadabad has been issuing • Hobli level Weather Forecast. • Hobli level Weather Forecast is issued everyday day at 12 hrs, • 24 hrs, 36 hrs, 48 hrs, 60 hrs and 72 hrs format. • Hobli level Weather Forecast includes Temperature (T C), • Relative Humidity (RH %), Wind Direction, • Wind Speed (m/s) and Rainfall (mm). • Issuing synoptic weather forecast for 7 days and 15 days format.

17. 24 hrs rainfall forecast Valid for 08.30 am of 07.10.2013 to 08.30 am 0f 08.10.2013

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20. “VARUNA MITRA” is equipped with the Technology to: • Receive 32 calls simultaneously. • Functions on 24x7x365 basis. • Provide Hobli-specific weather forecast & information. 9243345433 – 30 lines 080-22745232 080-22745234

21. In order to disseminate Hobli level weather forecast and Information directly to generally public, especially farmers, an interactive Help-desk “VARUNA MITRA” has been functioning at KSNDMC. Interactive Help-Desk “VARUNA MITRA” Telephone Numbers

22. Year wise Call details.

23. Month wise Call Details from Jan – Sep 2013

24. SATELLITE BASED AGRICULTURAL DROUGHT ASSESSMENT

25. Proposed Doppler Weather Radar Network Over Karnataka Coast

26. Doppler Weather Radar for rain detection

27. Proposed Net Work of Doppler Weather Radars Red circles are the Proposed 8 sites of C Band Doppler Weather Radars by KSNDMC Green circles are the Proposed 2 sites of IMD Gap Filling with X band Doppler weather Radars

28. KSNDMC Web-Portal www. ksndmc.org

29. Web enabled information dissemination to farmers at Raitha Samparka Kendras – providing weather details 29

30. Thanks