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Health Sciences 1101 Medical Terminology

Health Sciences 1101 Medical Terminology. Module 7 The Urinary System. Anatomy and Physiology of the Urinary System. Principle Functions: Remove waste products from the blood and excrete them in the urine Regulate the body’s tissue fluid

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Health Sciences 1101 Medical Terminology

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  1. Health Sciences 1101Medical Terminology Module 7 The Urinary System

  2. Anatomy and Physiology of the Urinary System Principle Functions: • Remove waste products from the blood and excrete them in the urine • Regulate the body’s tissue fluid • Maintain a balance of electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium) • Maintain an acid-base balance in the blood

  3. Anatomy and Physiology of the Urinary System

  4. Anatomy and Physiology of the Urinary System

  5. Anatomy and Physiology of the Urinary System

  6. Anatomy and Physiology of the Urinary System Excellent UA Video

  7. General Urinary System Terms Nephr/o or Ren/o: Pertaining to the kidney Ur/o or urin/o: Pertaining to urine or the urinary tract Urology: Study of the urinary system Urologist: Expert in the study of the urinary system as well as some reproductive issues Nephrology: Study of the kidneys Nephrologist: Expert in the study of the kidneys and kidney disease.

  8. Urinary System Anatomy Terms Cyst/o or vesic/o: Bladder Glomerul/o: Glomerulus Pyel/o: Renal Pelvis Ureter/o: Ureter Urethr/o: Urethra Aden/o: gland

  9. Other Important Urinary System Terms Meat/o: opening or tunnel through a body part -uria: In the urine or pertaining to the urine -ptsosis: prolapse, or downward placement of -pexy: To fix in place, fixation Lith or calculus: stone Diurese: Increase the rate of urination Supra: Above

  10. Other Important Urinary System Terms Olig/o: Decreased or diminished Poly: Increased or multiple Micturition: Urination, or voiding urine Malignant: cancerous Benign: Non-cancerous Inflammation: pathologic response that includes, pain, heat, swelling and redness. Retro-: to go back, backward

  11. Urinary System Pathology Infections and inflammation of the various parts of the urinary tract. (remember the terms –itis, -cele, -pathy, -oma, algia, etc.) Upper urinary tract: Kidneys and ureters Lower urinary tract: Bladder and urethra Incontinence: Uncontrolled loss of urine from the bladder Enuresis: Sometimes called bedwetting. Inability to control urination after the age where such control is usually gained. Nocturia: Excessive voiding or urine at night

  12. Urinary System Pathology Hypospadias: An abnormal opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis. Typically congenital. Azoturia: An abnormal increase in nitrogenous compounds in the urine. Uremia: Elevated level of urea or other protein waste products in the blood. Wilms tumor: Rapidly developing tumor most often seen in children.

  13. Urinary System Pathology Interstitial nephritis: inflammation and/or damage to the tubules due to a toxic agent or lack of blood flow Glomerulonephritis: Disruption of normal glomerular filtration. Often a hypersensitive reaction. Renal failure: The kidneys can no longer adequately filter the blood. Acute renal failure: Can result from lack of blood flow to the kidneys Renal hypertension: High blood pressure that results from kidney disease

  14. Diagnosis and Treatment Urinalysis (UA): Physical, chemical and microscopic examination of urine. Blood Urea Nitrogen: Laboratory test that measures the amount of urea excreted by the kidneys into the blood Kidney-ureter-bladder (KUB): Radiographic technique used to determine the location, size, shape and any malformation of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder Intravenous pyelogram: Radiographic procedure in which a contrast medium is injected intravenously and serialx-ray films are taken to provide visualization of the entire urinary tract.

  15. Diagnosis and Treatment Renal scan: Technique that determines renal function and shape through measurement of a radioactive substance that is injected intravenously and concentrates in the kidney. Voiding cystourography: Radiography of the bladder and urethra during the process of voiding urine after the introduction of a contrast medium. Retrograde pyelography: Radiographic procedure in which a contrast medium is introduced through a cystoscope directlyinto the bladder and ureters, using small-caliber catheters.

  16. Diagnosis and Treatment Catheterization: Insertion of a hollow flexible tube into a body cavity or organ to instill a substance or remove fluid. Dialysis: The patient’s blood is cleansed by circulation through a dialysis machine which acts as an artificial kidney Renal transplant: Surgical transfer of a complete kidney from a donor to a recipient.

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