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Welcome to Science 71

Welcome to Science 71. November , 2012 Day 56. Skills Period. Vocabulary Puzzle. Objective. Explain and provide examples of methods of heat energy transfer Illustrate and describe the kinetic theory of matter, including phase changes.

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Welcome to Science 71

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  1. Welcome to Science 71 November , 2012 Day 56

  2. Skills Period Vocabulary Puzzle

  3. Objective • Explain and provide examples of methods of heat energy transfer • Illustrate and describe the kinetic theory of matter, including phase changes. • Demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between kinetic and potential energies. • The Main 3 Components to Electricity STUDENT VERNACULAR • Using vocabulary explain how heat moves from place to place, matter to matter • Using vocabulary explain how Kinetic Energy is responsible for the various states of matter (Solid, Liquid, Gas, etc) • How does an objects Energy level change as it moves from Potential Energy (PE) to Kinetic Energy (KE)

  4. Agenda • Today’s Objective • PE vs KE (Conservation of Energy) • Thermal vs Temperature • Bell Work • Grades • Interviews

  5. Energy Term Conversion of energy -When energy is changed from one form to another. MechanicalElectricalElectromagnetic

  6. Energy Term Conservation of energy -Take account of All Energy, Can Not be created or Destroyed -Honda Commercial Rube Goldberg

  7. Energy Term Conservation of energy- Law-Energy can neither be destroyed or created. All energy must be accounted for

  8. Bell Work D C E KE 1 PE 2 B A What is the Potential Energy of Ball at point B? 1 N 2 N 3 N 4 N None above And Point E?

  9. Energy Terms • Temperature- Average kinetic energy KE of the individual particle

  10. Energy Terms • Thermal Energy • Total amount of Kinetic Energy from ALL Particles.

  11. Thermal Energy • Which object has more thermal energy? A B

  12. Bell Work Could you please put these states of matter in order from lowest energy to highest? Solid Gas Plasma Bose-Einstein Condensate Liquid

  13. Bell Work Could you please put these states of matter in order according to the picture? Solid Gas Liquid

  14. Silly Putty What do you think will happen? A the ball will bounce B the ball will shatter C the ball will stick to the ground D Not sure Superliquids

  15. All 5 Phases • Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma, BoseEinstein • All Based upon the Amount of KE

  16. States of Matter There are Three Main States of Matter: • Solid • Liquid • Gas • However there are many states currently.

  17. States of Matter Solid • Particles arranged in definite order • Vibrate • Close together

  18. States of Matter Liquid • Particles arranged in Random order • Slide past, attaching and releasing • Close together

  19. States of Matter Gas • Particles not arranged. • Scattered, Random • Fast • Very Spread out

  20. States of Matter Other States: • Plasma-Lightening • Excited/Ionized Gases

  21. Other States of Matter • Ordinary Temps • Liquid Crystal States (Digital Watch) Mlcls pnt sm direc • Amorphous Solid (Glass, Rubber, Polystyrene) • Magnetically-ordered States (moments aligned 2 dif ways) • Low Temps • Superconductors (Cold Magnets –MRI) • Superfluids (Climbing helium 3 or 6) • Bose-Einstein Condensates (called “Fifth State” helium 4) • High Energy • Plasma (ionized gas lightning, stars, sun) • Quark-gluon Plasma (CERN 2000 Observe individual Quarks) • Proposed States • Degenerate Matter (White dwarves and Neutron Stars) • Supersolid (Solid with superfluid properties • String-net liquid (atoms have the same spin, not normal) • Rydberg Matter (condensation of excited atoms)

  22. All 5 Phases

  23. Other States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas

  24. Phase Changes

  25. Bell Work Could you please put these states of matter in order from lowest energy to highest? Solid Gas Plasma Bose-Einstein Condensate Liquid

  26. Bell Work Could you please put these states of matter in order according to the picture? Solid Gas Liquid

  27. Silly Putty What do you think will happen? A the ball will bounce B the ball will shatter C the ball will stick to the ground D Not sure Superliquids

  28. Temperature Scale

  29. Temperature Conversions Absolute Water Water Zero Freezes Boils F -460 32 212 C –273 0 100 K 0 273 373 Compare this to a Number line as in Math!

  30. Phase Changes

  31. Energy Terms • Temperature- Average kinetic energy KE of the individual particle

  32. Thermal Energy • Total amount of Kinetic Energy from Particles. As Kinetic Energy of particles increases, so does the Thermal energy.(Heat Energy) The particles move faster.

  33. Energy Transfer Heat- Movement of Thermal energy from a substance at a higher temperature to another at a lower temperature

  34. Energy Transfer Conduction- Transfer of Thermal Energy, without particles moving. Transfer by touching, Direct Contact

  35. Transfer of Energy Convection- The transfer of energy by movement of Fluids. Earths mantle as well as water in a pot on the stove.

  36. Energy Transfer Radiation- Transfer of energy by or through EM Waves (Electromagnetic). Sun’s rays, hot lamps, tanning salon.

  37. Bell Work What form of Heat Transfer are we observing? Conduction Convection Radiation How do you know?

  38. Transfer of Energy All three in action! Camp Fire! Lava Lamp!

  39. Bell Work What is the best order for following the energy in this situation? • IR>Sun>Pot>Hand>Water • Sun>Pot>Water>Hand>IR • Sun>IR>Pot>Water>Hand • Hand>Pot>IR>Water>Sun

  40. Energy Terms • Insulator-Nature of material and it’s particles is resistant to absorbing Kinetic Energy

  41. Energy Terms • Conductor-Nature of material and it’s particles transfers Kinetic Energy Easily!

  42. Homework Hydrogen -Energy stored in the attractive bonds of Hydrogen gas. H2 want to be in a water state.

  43. Energy Term Conservation of energy Honda Commercial Rube Goldberg

  44. Homework • Homework • Layer work • (Concept Layer) • DUE 11-13 / 11-16

  45. Movie on States of Matter Look at worksheet C3 and Page 155

  46. Energy Terms • Temperature- Average kinetic energy KE of the individual particle

  47. Temperature Scale

  48. Question Which cup has the most Thermal energy, assuming that all cups are at the same temperature? The one with the least amount of Cocoa The one with the largest amount of Cocoa All have the same amount of Energy Not sure/Do not understand

  49. Energy Transfer Heat- Movement of Thermal energy from a substance at a higher temperature to another at a lower temperature

  50. When addressing the movement of Energy, there are three main forms we can observe. • Radiation • EM forms like IR, UV • Convection • Movement of Heat in fluids Convection Currents • Conduction • Heat transfer by direct contact

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