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Applications in Geomorphology

Applications in Geomorphology. Applications in Geomorphology: Mass Movements. Mudflow causing trees to fall and lean. Effects of geomorphic processes on tree growth. Digging out a tree buried by adjacent hillside erosion, Milledgeville, central Georgia.

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Applications in Geomorphology

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  1. Applications in Geomorphology

  2. Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements Mudflow causing trees to fall and lean. Effects of geomorphic processes on tree growth Digging out a tree buried by adjacent hillside erosion, Milledgeville, central Georgia.

  3. Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements Impact Scars can be dated.

  4. Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements Impact Scars can be dated. Debris flow!

  5. Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements Impact Scars can be dated.

  6. Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements Impact Scars can be dated. Impact scars from ice flows/jams. Effects of a snow avalanche on a white spruce.

  7. Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements Impact Scars can be dated. A. Through the scar itself B. Through the buried scar C. Through the scar/nonscar interface and reaction wood D. Through the back of the tree = reference

  8. Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements Impact Scars can be dated.

  9. Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements Reaction wood: Conifers form compression wood in response to leaning and flagging. Deciduous trees form tension wood in response to leaning.

  10. Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements Hardwoods PULL Conifers PUSH

  11. Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements

  12. Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements

  13. Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology Tree stumps buried by the White River tephra, ca. AD 820, Yukon, Canada

  14. Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology Kamenskaya valley, Shiveluch volcano, Kamchatka. Carbonized wood buried in situ in the pyroclastic deposits

  15. Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology

  16. Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology Suppressed growth beginning in 1788

  17. Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology

  18. Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology Effects of global-scale cooling caused by a volcanic eruption in AD 536, as seen in a Siberian pine from Mongolia. Which is the frost ring?

  19. Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology Effects of global-scale cooling caused by a volcanic eruption ca. 1627 BC, as seen in a bristlecone pine. Which is the frost ring?

  20. Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology

  21. Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology Effects of global-scale cooling caused by the eruption of Huaynapatina in Peru in 1600, as seen in whitebark pine from Montana. Which is the frost ring?

  22. Applications in Geomorphology: Seismology • Three lines of evidence: • Physical damage

  23. Applications in Geomorphology: Seismology Three lines of evidence: 2. Mortality due to submergence

  24. Applications in Geomorphology: Seismology Three lines of evidence: 3. Change in hydrologic regime In this pine sample from Arkansas, the earthquake of 1811-1812 can be seen as an increase in ring widths and change in latewood appearance.

  25. Applications in Geomorphology: Seismology In this baldcypress sample from Arkansas, the earthquake of 1811-1812 can be seen as a major growth reduction due to the changing hydrologic regime.

  26. Applications in Geomorphology: Seismology Notice! Growth changes not seen so much in the master chronology, right? (Why not?) But when you begin to look at individual trees to the right…

  27. Applications in Geomorphology: Tsunami Lituya Bay tsunami evidence from tree rings. This section was cut in 1953 from a spruce tree growing in Lituya Bay, Alaska, USA, just above an area damaged by a giant wave that hit the area in 1853-1854.

  28. Applications in Geomorphology: Tsunami Jacoby et al. 1997. Tree-ring evidence for an A.D. 1700 Cascadia earthquake in Washington and northern Oregon. Geology 25(11): 999-1002.

  29. Applications in Geomorphology: Hydrology

  30. Applications in Geomorphology: Hydrology Effects of a 1945 flood on growth of a ponderosa pine, Pine Canyon, Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona.

  31. Applications in Geomorphology: Hydrology

  32. Applications in Geomorphology: Hydrology Changes in hydrologic properties of an area.

  33. Bank erosion causing conifer trees to lean along the Sheepscot River in Maine.

  34. Applications in Geomorphology: Hydrology • Reference data set 6. Establishment dates on most recent terrace • Buried wood inside former floodplain (C14) 7. Leaning trees give establishment dates • Intact stems on older floodplain and dates of reaction wood • Intact stems on more recent floodplain • Establishment dates on recent terrace

  35. Applications in Geomorphology: Hydrology Flood rings

  36. Applications in Geomorphology: Glaciology

  37. Applications in Geomorphology: Glaciology A. Radiocarbon dates

  38. B. Tree-ring datesof glacial advances (death dates of trees) Applications in Geomorphology: Glaciology

  39. Applications in Geomorphology: Glaciology Tree-ring dated moraines

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