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Why Change 4-H Reporting?. Immigration and intermarriage resulted in many more youth of mixed race. Many of these have resented reporting themselves as being of only a single race. All recipients of federal funding must conform to new OMB standards in reporting.
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Why Change 4-H Reporting? • Immigration and intermarriage resulted in many more youth of mixed race. • Many of these have resented reporting themselves as being of only a single race. • All recipients of federal funding must conform to new OMB standards in reporting. • Race reporting has changed several times!
Race in 4-H by Decade • 1914-1960 – two categories reported • Total Youth, and Youth in Negro Clubs • 1960-1980 – White, Negro, All Other • 1981-2003 – White, Black, American Indian, Hispanic, Asian or Pacific Islander
Social-political constructs • “Federal racial and ethnic categories are constructs that should not be interpreted as being genetic, biological, or anthropological in nature. • Changes reflect population makeup, changes in social attitudes and political concerns. • Categories are intended to combat discrimination.” -OMB
From Race to Ethnicity • Previously, we collected • White (not Hispanic) • Black (not Hispanic) • Hispanic (of any race) • American Indian or Alaskan Native • Asian or Pacific Islander • Now, Hispanic becomes an Ethnicity • So does Not Hispanic
New Racial Categories • White • Black or African American • American Indian or Alaska Native • Asian • Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander • 4 most common 2-race categories • Balance: All other combinations • Goal: report each category > 1% of population
Choose One or MORE… • Self-identification is preferred • (there are no objective standards) • (there are no wrong answers) • In group settings, use your best guess • “Default” for Hispanic ethnicity is Native American race
Potential Problem • In the 2000 census, many Hispanics did not want to check a race. They insisted their race was Hispanic. • In individual enrollment, everyone checks either Hispanic or Not Hispanic • Everyone checks one or more races.
Net Result of Changes… • Expect increases in % minority reached • Expect kids increasingly to acknowledge a mixed heritage.
Why Change Club Reporting? • Better distinguish between several quite different delivery modes we call Clubs. • Enable the military to track the involvement of their youth in 4-H. • Identify After-School groups using the Club model.
Why Changes in Camping? • Separate out Special Interest • Enable our Camp leaders to uniquely identify their Day Camps.
What Happened to National Initiatives? • ECOP has eliminated the term National Initiative • ECOP also eliminated the term Base Program