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Fictional Languages. The difference between fictional and constructed languages.
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The difference between fictional and constructed languages • Fictional languages are present in literature and movies by creating a language with a unique, alien sounding grammar and phonology with the goal of providing immersion and additional depth to the world depicted in the work of art without claims of usefulness – hence their name artlang, or artistical languages. • Constructed languages are made for human use in the real world, for the purpose of making it easier and more efficient to communicate with each other.
Constructed languages • Constructed languages are developed artifically instead of a natural evolution like most languages • They have many variants, such as: • Microlanguages: Talossan – the official language of the Kingdom of Talossa, a micronation located in Wisconsin, United States • International Auxiliary Languages: Esperanto – a language meant to ease communications between different nations, with an estimate of 2 million speakers worldwide. It was proposed in 1887 and accepted by UNESCO as an official language in 1954 • Communication with non-humans: Robot Interaction Language (ROILA) – ROILA is a spoken language created with the goal of easy human learning and efficient robotic recognition.
Fictional languages • Examplesinclude: • Middle-EarthLanguages – Createdby J.R.R. Tolkien fortheMiddleEarthuniverse, most famouslyknownfromthe Lord of the Ring series, includingElvish and Black Speech • Klingon – Createdby Mark Okrandforthefictionalalienrace of Klingonfromthe Star Trek series • Dothraki – SpokenlanguagecreatedbyDavid J. Petersonforthetelevisionadaptation of Game of Throneswrittenby George R. R. Martin
The Languages of Tolkien • Includes Elvish speech and Black speech, with their own alphabets, the ‚tengwar’ or ‚sarati’
Klingon Language • Has three noun classes (sentient beings, body parts, everything else) • Has no articles (a table/ the table can only be inferred from context) • Verbs have no tenses, time adverbs define the ‚when’ • No adjectives
Dothraki language • Spoken language of 3163 words • During it’s creation, it had to reflect to the uses it has in the books as well as being easy to learn by actors and actresses • No written version • Basic Subject – Verb – Object word order • Inspired by the descriptions of George R. R. Martin and a few real languages, such as Russian, Turkish and Swahili • Dothraki do not have a word for ‚Thank you’ • The words that have been released so far can be all found at http://docs.dothraki.org/Dothraki.pdf