Early Inhabitants in Pennsylvania

1. Early Inhabitants in Pennsylvania Chapter 2 Lessons 4-7

2. Lesson 4 • Land Bridge – bridge made from land or ice • Clans – small villages • Native American tribes came to North America 12,000 years ago, over the land bridge between Asia and North America • Hunted animals and slowly spread across the continent • No written language

3. 2 large groups of Indians located in Pennsylvania, classified according to what language they spoke • Algonquin Tribes • Iroquois Tribes • Woodland Indians – Indians who lived in the woods.

4. Algonquian Tribes • Delaware • Shawnee • Nanticoke • Iroquois Tribes • Cayuga • Mohawk • Oneida • Onondaga • Seneca • Tuscarora, Erie, & Susquehannock followed later

5. Systems of Governments • Chief and council members selected by the women • “An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth” • Simple rule of right and wrong

6. Lesson 5 • Bartering – trading goods • Ford – best and shallowest location to cross a stream or river • Longhouse – Iroquois houses that held many families • Sweathouse – like a spa, used to stay clean • Tipi – type of wigwam with a conical shape • Wampum Belt – made from shells and ornaments, used for trading or recording historical events • Wigwams - small Algonquin homes built from small trees

7. TIPI WIGWAM

8. Iroquois Longhouse

9. Algonquian homes – single family • Iroquois longhouses – multiple families • 20 x 100 ft in size • Typical family included parents, children, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and their children. • When an Iroquois man married, he moved in with his wife’s family, but did not belong to their clan. • When too old, went back to mothers clan.

10. Money • Trading and bartering • Wampum belts • Roles • Men were hunters and warriors • Women and children skinned animals, prepared and cooked meals, tended to crops, and did all the other work. • Children were taught to respect their elders and appreciate life. • Clothing • Deerskin was main fabric

11. Religion • Worshiped nature and believe in one “Great Spirit” • Revolved around nature and animals • Could contact spirits through dreams • Transportation • Water – canoe • Land travel – series of trails crisscrossing the state • Different paths for different reasons • Hunting, visiting, trading, and fighting • “Moss on the trees” – in case they got lost

12. Lesson 6 • Conflict – war between opposing ideas • Retaliated – to get revenge • Settlements – setting up a new colony • Early European Settlements • Sweden, France, Holland, and England – mapped and claim land in PA prior to Penn’s Birth. • Wanted to stake claim to riches in new world

13. Scene for Conflict • Native Americans – did not view land as theirs • Europeans – wanted to buy that the Native Americans were originally willing to share. • 1638 – Swedes settled near Philadelphia area • Governed by Johan Printz • Colonists captured small Dutch fort on the Delaware. • Dutch retaliated and conquered Swedes 1664 – King if England sent fleet of ships and to take over the Dutch colonies, surrendered with firing a shot

14. Impact of Swedes and Dutch on PA: • Architecture, customs, and names. Johan Printz

15. Lesson 7 • Absolute Monarchy – rulers who believed only they had the wisdom, vision, or authority to decide everything for the people • Church of England – King’s church during 1600’s • General Assembly – group of people appointed to make rules on how PA should be governed • Holy Experiment – William Penn’s plan for PA, religious freedom, people had say in gov’t, & all people were created equal • Imprison – put in jail • Land Grant – being given land • Religious Freedom – able to worship who/what you want • Survive – to live

16. William Penn Starts the Colony of Pennsylvania • http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=19601 • William Penn – born 1644 • Attended Oxford University • Attended meetings of a religious group called the Society of Friends or Quakers • Quakers believed • everyone was equal • War and fighting were wrong

17. Church of England – by law, everyone belonged to the King’s church • Other beliefs were not tolerated (jail) • Penn was kicked out of Oxford for his religious beliefs, member of Quakers • Penn imagined starting a colony where people of all religions could practice their beliefs without fear of being imprisoned. • Penn did not believe in absolute monarchy

18. How did Penn get the land for Pennsylvania? • King borrowed large sums of money from Penn’s father, an admiral. • After fathers death, king could not repay the money he borrowed from the Penn’s • Penn took opportunity to ask for a land grant in North America. • 1681, King granted most of land that now is Pennsylvania. • Next to the king, Penn was one of the largest landowners in the world.

19. Penn’s Holy Experiment • 1681, Penn began to plan, a place where all could worship as they feel fit, everyone was equal • While establishing colony, Penn got along with the Delaware Indians • Indians call Penn “Brother Omas” • Penn paid Tamanend, the Delaware Chief, for the land the King of England gave him • When people of Europe heard about Penn’s ideas, settlers began to flock to Pennsylvania

20. When colony of Pennsylvania established, Penn put forth 3 laws throughout the years: • 1682, “The Great Law” – stated that all people were created equal • 1682, “Frame of Government” – allowed the people to set up a council and General Assembly, choosing them from the citizens • 1701, “The Charter of Privileges” – said that General Assembly could now suggest laws to be considered by the King/Queen of England. • How did these laws influence colonial independence?