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Egypt National Security

Egypt National Security. Egyptian National Security Pre-Mubarak Fall. Key Strategic Points. Egypt = Oldest continuous nation-state in M.E. Egypt = Most homogeneous nation-state in M.E. Egypt = Under extended foreign domination Egypt = Easy to invade/not easy to defend

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Egypt National Security

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  1. Egypt National Security

  2. Egyptian National Security Pre-Mubarak Fall

  3. Key Strategic Points • Egypt = Oldest continuous nation-state in M.E. • Egypt = Most homogeneous nation-state in M.E. • Egypt = Under extended foreign domination • Egypt = Easy to invade/not easy to defend • Egypt = “Gift of the Nile.” Herodotus • Egypt = Leading Arab power • Egypt = Strategic RentierState • Egypt = Military is paramount in national security

  4. Egyptian National Security in modern times, 1952-1981(I) • National Security under Nasser I, 1952-1956: • Ext. threats: Britain, France, Israel • Int. threats: Communists, Islamists, Weakness of the Military • National Security under Nasser II, 1956-1970: • Ext. threats: Israel, the West, Arab monarchies • Int. threats: Islamists, Socioeconomic Crises, Leftists, • Functional threats: Weapons of Mass Destruction, Water • National Security under Sadat I, 1970-1973: • Ext. threats: Israel, Israel, Israel • Int. threats: Political Factions, Left-wing groups, Students & Intellectuals, Islamists, Armed Forces

  5. Egyptian National Securityin modern times, 1952-1981 (II) • National Security under Sadat II, 1973-1978: • Ext. threats: Israel, Libya, Ethiopia, Instability in Africa & Sudan, threats to Arab monarchies • Int. threats: Islamists, Left-wing, Socioeconomic crises, Armed Forces • National Security under Sadat, III, 1979-1981: • Ext. threats: Israel, Libya, Soviet Union, Africa south of the Sahara, Islamic Republic of Iran, • Int. threats: Political and socioeconomic crises, Armed Forces • Functional threats: WMD proliferation, General Regional Instability, Water

  6. Egyptian National Security under Husni Mubarak, 1981-Present • External Threats: • Israel • Iran • Iraq • Sudan • Libya • Islamic Radical Infiltration • Internal Threats: • Islamist Insurgency • Socioeconomic Crisis • Political Delegitimization • Functional Threats: • WMD Proliferation and Strategic Imbalance • General Regional Instability

  7. Egyptian National Security:Role of U.S./Egypt and Nukes • Egypt and U.S.: From Adversary to Ally/Mentor • Benefits: • Relationship w/ most powerful nation • High-tech military • Socioeconomic Aid • Costs: • Constraints on independence • Favors Israel • Causes more instability than removes it • Egypt and Nukes: • Why do states seek Nukes: Int. System exp.; State exp.; Nuclear Myth-makers and Domestic Politics exp.; Technological exp. • Why do states forego Nukes: Costs, reliance on major ally, lowered security threat

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