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A Brief History of Computers From Prehistory to the 21 st Century. David A. Lewis Hyndman Middle Senior High School Hyndman, PA 15545. Part Five - Evolution. The Development of Computers from the 1950s to the 21st Century. 1950s – 1960s. IBM 7090 - Transistors. 1960s – 1970s.
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A Brief History of ComputersFrom Prehistory to the 21st Century David A. Lewis Hyndman Middle Senior High School Hyndman, PA 15545
Part Five - Evolution The Development of Computers from the 1950s to the 21st Century
1950s – 1960s • IBM 7090 - Transistors
1960s – 1970s • IBM System 360 – with Integrated Circuits
Famous Quotes • “I think there is a world market for maybe five computers.” • Thomas Watson, IBM Chairman, 1943 • “There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in their home.” • Ken Olson, Pres. Digital Equipment Corporation, 1977
The Apple • 1976 • Sold as a ‘Do It Yourself’ kit
Jobs & Woz • Steve Jobs • Steve Wozniak • Apple II
IBM PC • 1981 • DOS • Bill Gates • Microsoft
Moore’s Law • Number of transistors on a chip doubles every 2 years • Cost per transistor is cut in half • Twice the power for the same price
Categories of Computers Classifications and Their Meanings
Supercomputer • Cray XT4 • Thousands of processors • Expensive • Complex Tasks
Supercomputer • IBM Deep Blue • Famous for playing chess against Garry Kasparov • Scale: see people in background
Mainframe • Large & Expensive • Many Simultaneous Users • Business • Government • Data Security • Central Control
Workstation • Terminal • Connects to a mainframe • Monitor, Keyboard, & Mouse only
Workstations • Many terminals connect to a Mainframe
Server • ‘Serves’ computers on a Network • Several Meanings • Hardware • Software • Combination • Supplies other computers with data or programs • Server is a Function
Personal Computers • Designed for One Person • Multipurpose • Inexpensive
Tower Computer • Upright case • Room for expansion
IBM ThinkPad HP Notebook Notebook Computer
MPC Notebook Panasonic Toughbook Apple Mac Book Notebooks
Tablet Computer • Converts from display screen to writing & drawing tablet
Toshiba PocketPC Dell Axim Fossil Wrist PDA Garmin iPac Sprint PDA Phone Hand Held Computers • Many sizes and styles • Wide range of computing abilities
Compaq iPac HP Jornada Personal Digital Assistant
Blackberry 7130 Blackberry 8700g LG PDA Cell Phone Nokia N95 More PDAs
Apple iPhone Steve Jobs shows off an iPhone
Eurotech WWPC Ubiquitous Computer Avalon RF Helmet PC Wearable Computers
Table Computer • Microsoft Surface • Milan
Summary • Cold War sparked technological advances • Integrated Circuits & Microchips • Satellites • Personal Computers were first introduced in the 1970s • Apple II - 1977 • IBM PC - 1981 • Moore’s Law - Every 2 years: • Processing power doubles • Cost per transistor cut in half
Summary • 4 Classes of Computers • Supercomputer • World’s Fastest • Mainframe • Business & Government • Terminal – Workstation • Server • Hardware, Software, or Both • Client – Server Relationship • Personal Computers
Summary • Personal Computers • Tower • Desktop • Notebook • Tablet • Handheld • Wearable