Society for Promotion of Wastelands Development

1. Society for Promotion of Wastelands Development

2. EASTERN REGION

3. Eastern Region of India • West Bengal, Orissa, Bihar and Jharkhand • 107 districts • 22% to the total population • 2.5% to the TGA of India • 1455 Blocks • 21,818 panchayats

4. Eastern region : At a Glance

5. Agro-climatic Zones

6. Land use

7. Agro ecological regions

8. AGRO-CLIMATIC ZONE VII- EASTERN PLATEAU & HILLS REGION • Development of suitable crop, livestock mixed farming system technology. • Integrated watershed management involving water harvesting , pond, recycling for production of crops for drylands in the zone. • Developing of suitable technology for increasing production of dryland fruits. • Development of suitable agroforestry and farming system based on livestock and crops specially for small and marginal farmers of the region • AGRO-CLIMATIC ZONE IV- MIDDLE-GANGETIC PLAIN REGION • Developing suitable farming systems for heavy soils • Development of suitable cultivation technology for paddy–wheat- maize system. • Specific research efforts on magnesium action dominated soil salinity problems of the region

9. Jharkhand- Overview • Lowest on Social Development Index (0.01 – 0.3) • Lowest on infrastructure development index (0.01- 0.1). • Per capita net production of cereals for India is 523 gms/day. Whereas in Jharkhand the per capita production is 230 gms/day which is lower than 318.40 gms/day which is the per capital availability in Bihar • The productivity of the crops in Jharkhand is below the national average with respect to cereals and oilseeds. • The current level of productivity is very low and is about 0.98 tones per Ha with the lowest productivity in the agro climatic zone five (0.72 tones/Ha) • The average yield of paddy and wheat, the two major crops of kharif and Rabi seasons varies between 9-12 q/ha compared to national average of 23.3 q for paddy and 18.7 q/ha

10. Livelihood basket • Private land • Food security from agriculture (partial mostly) • Income from Mahua, Lac, Karanj, char and mango etc • Income from Forest • NTFP and sale of firewood • Tubers and roots for food • Income/support from Common Property Resource • Income from livestock • Wage Labour • Local • Migration

11. Weak links in the livelihood basket • Low agricultural productivity • Practice of subsistence agriculture under adverse and risky conditions • Poor soil and water resource condition • Lack of access to inputs • Poorly/ non managed CPR Leading to • High incidence of wasteland and severe rural poverty

12. Problem Tree

16. AREA FROM THE LENS

19. Topography and Cropping system

20. APPLIED TECHNOLOGIES Staggered trench Upland treatment (30’ x 40’ Model) Medium land treatment (5% Model) Home stead land (Hapa) Small Dug well Tank renovation/excavation Micro lift irrigation

21. Staggered Trench after treatment Checked Soil Erosion & Run off Water Improve Moisture and Soil Fertility Converted into Productivity Land

22. Checked Soil Erosion Increased Moisture in the Upland Area Increasing Fertility In The Land Converted Into Agricultural Land Checked The Run off Water Assure Mixed Cropping

23. SABAI CULTIVATION

24. Assured Paddy Cultivation Transplanting Paddy in Proper Time Irrigation In Dry Spell Pisciculture in the Pit Increased Ground Water Assured Second Crop Cultivation Checked Run Off Water Increase in Production

25. Drought Coping Mechanisms • Crop diversification • Varietal diversification • Storage of food and seeds • Livelihood diversification

27. FOOD SECURITY OUTCOME (FSO) STATUS Based on Food security atlas of Rural Jharkhand by UNFP & IHD

28. Result 1: • Farm level action • Need to further break it according to land type • Upland- Mostly acidic(jharkhand), field bunding, bringing more area under dryland crops millets, pulses, oilseeds and maize • Mixed cropping • Increase in biomass cultivation on denuded uplands • Green manuring crops on uplands and field bunds • Nitrogen fixing crops • Mediumland • Need to promote medium duration crop • System of rice intensification • Nitrogen fixing crops on residual moisture • Lowland

29. Action for promoting Food security • Need to propagate multiple compost systems • Nutritional garden in the BADI upland • Vegetable cultivation through micro irrigation • Documentation of present diversity and practices • Group farming • Grain bank and seed bank • Promotion of Poultry and small ruminants • Action Research to be undertaken to screen potential local varieties( as per tillering potential, drought resistance, pest resistance and productivity) • Action research for introducing some principles of intensification in pulses and millets

30. Actions for Food security… • Green manuring and fodder shrubs and trees on field bunds • IPM and INM practices module for different crop type needs to be developed( use of self cultivated and forest produce, mahua cake, neem cake, karanj cake, kusum cake, mustard cake for nutrient management) • Mulching and minimum tillage practices will be used to make maximum use of residual moisture after kharif crop • Soil testing needs to be done for better nutrient management • Action research on a contiguous patch of 25-30 acres in each agro-climatic sub-zone. • Crops for upland- Pulses, maize, millets( finger millet, kodo, kutki, gondli • Productivity low- 0.3 to 0.6 t/ha oilseeds; 0.4 t/ha to 0.6 t/ha (millets); 0.5 to 1 t/ha pulses higher for maize 1.3t/ha • Lac cultivation

31. Community Farming in Siyari

32. THANKING YOU