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Empire Building

Explore the era of Spanish colonization in the Americas with Christopher Columbus, Cortes, Pizarro, and more. Discover the impact on culture, trade, and exploration. Follow along with key events of exploration and conquest that shaped history.

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Empire Building

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  1. Empire Building Chapter 4 Section 1

  2. Bell Work • Answer the 3 geography questions on page 116. • Copy the timeline into your notes.

  3. Empire Building • The voyages of Columbus prompted Spain to colonize in the Americas.

  4. So What? • In the Americas, Spanish culture and descendants of this time period, are thriving.

  5. Christopher Columbus • 1492: 1st voyage for Spain • Sailed West across the Atlantic in search of Asia • Ran into a Caribbean Island • Led to the settlement/colonization of the Americas

  6. 1st Voyage of CC • Left port 8/3/1492 and hit land 10/12/1492 • “Los Indios”…believed he’d reached E.I. • Claimed the land and called the island San Salvador • Found no gold there, so he moved on to other islands, staking his claim on each one.

  7. Ferdinand & Isabella • Columbus returned to Spain in 1493 • The Monarchs were thrilled! • They agreed to finance 3 more trips

  8. 2nd Voyage for CC • September of 1493 • Empire Building vs. Exploring • 17 ships, plus 1000 soldiers, crewmen, and colonists • Led to other European settlement in the Americas.

  9. Pedro Alvares Cabral • Reached the shore of Brazil in 1500 • Claimed the land for Portugal • By 1530s colonists began growing sugar because of the lack of gold and silver.

  10. Amerigo Vespucci • Italian Sailing for Portugal • Reached the Eastern coast of South America • He claimed the land wasn’t Asia, but a “new world” • In 1507, a German mapmaker named the new continent “America”

  11. Vasco Nunez de Balboa • Marched through Panama • Became the 1st European to see the Pacific Ocean

  12. Ferdinand Magellan • Sailed around the tip of South America and reached the Pacific Ocean • 250 men, 5 ships • No land other than small islands • Supplies ran out • After Guam, they finally reached the Philippines

  13. FM Cont…. • In the Philippines, they became involved in a local war and Magellan was killed. • Disease and starvation plagued the crew. • Only 18 men, and one ship returned to Spain. • His crew was the first to sail around the world.

  14. Spanish Conquests in Mexico • “Conquistadors” • Spanish explorers headed inland and conquered other parts of Mexico.

  15. Hernando Cortes • 1519: He landed on the shores of Mexico • Colonized several islands and headed inward, colonizing parts of Mexico, South America, and the U.S. • Added to the Spanish Empire and left their mark on the American culture.

  16. Cortes Conquers the Aztecs • Cortes sought out a wealthy empire • Cortes and 600 men reached the capital • Montezuma II, the emperor, believed Cortes was a god, and gave him a share of their gold. • Not satisfied, Cortes conquered the Empire in 1521.

  17. Francisco Pizarro • 1532: Marched a small force into South America and conquered the Incan Empire • The Spanish continued conquering other Native peoples (I.e. the Mayans). • Created a large Mestizo, or a mixed Spanish and Native American culture.

  18. Encomienda • A system in which native peoples were forced to farm, ranch or mine for Spanish landlords.

  19. 16th Century Spain • The wealthiest, most powerful nation • Treasure ships from the Americas continually entered Spanish harbors. • Led to a golden age of art and culture in Spain. • Built a powerful Navy to protect its ships • Expanded its empire into parts of the U.S.

  20. Juan Ponce de Leon • 1513 • Claimed Florida for Spain

  21. Francisco Vasquez de Coronado • 1540-41 • Explored Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas • Desert has few riches and was colonized by priests who searched for converts • Santa Fe became the headquarters for advancing Catholicism.

  22. Opposition to Spanish • Priests spoke out against the Encomienda system and harsh treatment of Natives • Encomienda system was abolished in 1542

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