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Final product and residuals measured at the factory, in terms of materials production.

Traditional (Compliance) Perspective. Final product and residuals measured at the factory, in terms of materials production. Residuals: Waste & pollution. Raw materials. Finished material. Raw materials. Systems (Optimization) Perspective.

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Final product and residuals measured at the factory, in terms of materials production.

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  1. Traditional (Compliance) Perspective Final product and residuals measured at the factory, in terms of materials production. Residuals: Waste & pollution Raw materials Finished material Raw materials

  2. Systems (Optimization) Perspective Final product is measured in terms of service, rather than material, at end of chain rather than in middle. Film & paper production Exposure (Capture) Storage Film developing & printing Final Product

  3. Chemicals Pre-analytic Vision: Ag Halide Materials Chain CAPTURE PROCESSING IMAGE OUPUT Photo Lab Camera Film Developer Photographer Film acetate?PET? PEN? Single use cameras Batteries NiMH? NiCd? Alkaline? Paper Chemicals

  4. Paper Cartridges & Ink Pre-analytic Vision: Digital Materials Chain CAPTURE PROCESSING IMAGE OUTPUT Digital Camera Personal Computer & Software Inkjet Printer Photographer Batteries NiMH? NiCd? Alkaline?

  5. ScientificConsiderations: ECONOMIC: What are the economic costs of each step in the service chain? THERMODYNAMIC: What are the material and energy (exergetic resource) costs? HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT: What are the HSE risks?

  6. HypotheticalAnalyticTools: ECONOMIC:TOTAL COST ASSESSMENT Contingent, intangible, indirect and/or external costs may be quantified. THERMODYNAMIC:EXERGY ANALYSIS Environmental reference state allows comparison of raw material, energy consumption and waste production on uniform basis. ENVIRONMENTAL:CONFIGURATIONAL ENTROPY Entropy of mixing as measure of chemical pollution.

  7. Which is the optimum image pathway? CAPTURE PROCESSING OUTPUT LexMark INKJET, CRT, THERMAL, MUGS, T-SHIRTS, etc. DIGITAL DIGITAL CAMERA PC & SOFTWARE Canon, Olympus, AgFA, Panasonic, Kodak, HP, etc. HP, Canon -- not all camera makers have equal expertise HP, Canon , Epson, LexMark, others. www.mysticcolorlabs.com Kodak Quick Prints printroom.com Polaroid Colorshot Digital Photo Printer Kodak Photo CD, Filmworks PhotoPC, etc. filmdrive Ag HALIDE preview & select ? Ag HALIDE FILM FILM DEVELOPING CHEMICAL PAPER acetate? Kodak, Fuji -- also AgFA, Konica, etc. Kodak, Fuji -- also AgFA, Konica, etc. District Photo, Clark, Qualex, Mystic, Filmworks, etc. PET? PEN?

  8. Total Cost Assessment Type I: Direct Costs labor, materials, etc. Type II: Indirect Costs overhead, utilities, outsourced services Type III: Contingent Liability non-compliance fines, cleanup, civil suits, accidents Type IV: Internal Intangible consumer loyalty, worker morale, corporate image Type V: External environmental degradation

  9. Photo Lab Inkjet Printer Paper Paper Chemicals Cartridges & Ink Two Output Analysis Ag HALIDE INKJET ? *. JPG

  10. Acknowledgments Thomas P. Seager is supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation and by the Center for Environmental Management at Clarkson University. Dr. Thomas L. Theis and Randy L. Brown (Clarkson Univeristy) and Jeffrey D. Mathews (Eastman Kodak) have contributed to this research. Other individuals too numerous to mention at Eastman Kodak Co. in Rochester, NY provided their support and cooperation during development of the ideas underlying this presentation.

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