Chapter Assessment 2

1. Reviewing Key Terms Write the term that best completes each sentence. apartheid terrorismlife peers consolidated democracymullahs parliamentary governmentsanctions state-sponsored terrorismshah supranational organization • 1. The European Union has evolved from a regional body into a _______________________. • 2. Britain’s House of Lords is partially made up of _______________________, people who have been awarded a title for outstanding service or achievement. • 3. In a _______________________ both the executive and the legislative functions are found in the elected assembly. • 4. In the late 1970s, Muslims in Iran revolted against the _______________________, or king. • supranational organization • life peers • parliamentary democracy • shah Chapter Assessment 2

2. Reviewing Key Terms Write the term that best completes each sentence. apartheid terrorismlife peers consolidated democracymullahs parliamentary governmentsanctions state-sponsored terrorismshah supranational organization • 5. To force the end of apartheid, the United States ordered economic _______________________, or withholding of aid, against South Africa. • 6. The use of violence by nongovernmental groups against civilians to achieve a political goal is known as _______________________. • 7. Until recently, the South African government supported _______________________, or the strict segregation of the races. • 8. Specially trained Islamic religious teachers called _______________________ interpret Islamic teaching. • sanctions • terrorism • apartheid • mullahs Chapter Assessment 3

3. Reviewing Key Terms Write the term that best completes each sentence. apartheid terrorismlife peers consolidated democracymullahs parliamentary governmentsanctions state-sponsored terrorismshah supranational organization • 9. A well-established government with fair elections, competing political parties, and some form of market economy is known as a _______________________. • 10. Terrorism secretly supported by a government is known as _______________________. • consolidated democracy • state-sponsored terrorism Chapter Assessment 4

4. Recalling Facts • 1. What are the three types of government discussed in this chapter? • The three types of government are democratic, authoritarian, and governments in transition. • 2. Who holds almost all governmental authority in Great Britain? • Parliament, or the national legislature, holds almost all governmental authority in Great Britain. Chapter Assessment 5

5. Recalling Facts • 3. What are the challenges facing South Africa’s government today? • South Africa’s government must raise the standard of living of disadvantaged South Africans while maintaining economic growth, keep diverse groups working together to implement a reconstruction and development plan, expand the economy, reduce crime and violence, and create jobs. Chapter Assessment 6

6. Recalling Facts • 4. What is the real role of China’s National Party Congress? • The National Party Congress has no real power, but instead serves as a rubber stamp for the Chinese Communist Party leaders’ policies. • 5. What are the three major goals of the UN? • The three major goals of the UN are to preserve world peace and security, encourage nations to be just in their actions toward one another, and help nations cooperate in trying to solve their problems. Chapter Assessment 7

7. Understanding Concepts • 1. Comparative GovernmentCompare the powers of the president of France to those of the president of the United States. • Both are nationally elected officials who are responsible for negotiating treaties, appointing high officials, and acting as head of the armed forces. The French president can appeal directly to the people by calling a referendum, and holds dictatorial powers in times of national emergencies; the United States president possesses neither of these powers. Chapter Assessment 8

8. Understanding Concepts • 2. Global PerspectivesWhat are some reasons why some Islamic extremists began targeting Americans? • Some Islamic extremists began targeting Americans because they view Western culture and society as a threat to traditional Islamic culture. Chapter Assessment 9

9. Critical Thinking • 1. Expressing Problems ClearlyUse a graphic organizer like the one below to identify the challenges that Poland faced once its people had overthrown their communist leaders. • create a written constitution that supported democratic values, decentralize power by creating local governments, strengthen the economy Chapter Assessment 10

10. Critical Thinking • 2. Recognizing IdeologiesHow does the role of the Communist Party illustrate its importance in the government of China? • The CCP determines governmental policies and ensures that the government carries out the party’s policies and decisions. Most key officials are party members. Chapter Assessment 11

11. Interpreting Political Cartoons Activity • 1.How is the United Nations portrayed in this cartoon? • as a nanny, attempting to clean and soothe various crying or troubled infants simultaneously Chapter Assessment 12

12. Interpreting Political Cartoons Activity • 2.How are various countries portrayed in this cartoon? • Most countries are portrayed as helpless, crying infants that demand immediate attention. Somalia is crying for food, while Iraq is attempting to hamper the efforts in the UN. Chapter Assessment 13

13. Interpreting Political Cartoons Activity • 3.According to the cartoonist, does the UN seem equipped to effectively handle the world’s crises? Explain your answer. • Answers will vary. Students may note that the UN seems stressed and unable to control the troubled infants. The cartoonist may be implying that the UN is not equipped or has not been granted the authority to effectively deal with crises that need to be resolved. Chapter Assessment 14

14. How many countries were members of the United Nations when the charter went into effect on October 24, 1945? • 51 Chapter Assessment 15