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STYLE. DICTION. Analyzing Style. We pay attention to more than the spoken words during a conversation. We notice body language, gestures, facial expressions, and volume in our conversations.
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STYLE DICTION
Analyzing Style • We pay attention to more than the spoken words during a conversation. We notice body language, gestures, facial expressions, and volume in our conversations.
Just as we pay attention to more than the spoken words during a conversation, when we read closely, we look beyond to words on the page. We can understand a text better by examining its tone, sentence structure, and vocabulary. These elements make up the style of the written piece. Style contributes to the meaning, purpose, and effect of a text, whether it is visual or written.
DICTION • The choice of words • A trope is essentially artful diction (metaphor, a simile, personification, hyperbole).
SYNTAX • When you analyze diction, you might ask: • Which of the important words in the passage (verbs, nouns, adjectives, and adverbs) are general and abstract? Which are specific and concrete? • Are the important words formal, informal, colloquial, or slang? • Are some words nonliteral or figurative, creating figures of speech such as metaphors?
Suzanne Berne “Where Nothing Says Everything” • In the first paragraph, why does Berne call the empty space “the disaster”? • What examples of figurative language appear in the fourth paragraph? • Does the word huddled in the fourth paragraph remind you of anything else you have read?
Tropes include • pun, metaphor, simile, personification, irony, hyperbole, synecdoche, metonymy, litotes, oxymoron, paradox, rhetorical questions, onomatopoeia
Pun—A play on words, either on different senses of the same word or on the similar sense or sound of different words. • "Time flies like an arrow. Fruit flies like a banana." –Groucho Marx
Synecdoche—part is used to represent the whole, the whole for a part, the specific for the general, the general for the specific, or the material for the thing made from it • Brazil won the soccer match.
Metonymy—one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated • "Detroit is still hard at work on an SUV that runs on rain forest trees and panda blood."(Conan O'Brien)
Oxymoron—incongruous or contradictory terms appear side by side • "A log palace is an architectural as well as a verbal oxymoron; so is a short skyscraper, or an urban villa." (J. F. O'Gorman and Dennis E. McGrath)
Rhetorical Question—A question asked merely for effect with no answer expected. • "Marriage is a wonderful institution, but who would want to live in an institution?"(H. L. Mencken)