The Nationalist Period, 1848 - 1870: The Unification Movements

1. The Nationalist Period, 1848 - 1870:The Unification Movements AP European History Androstic 2012-2013

2. Overview Bound by commonalities and a sense of belonging (speech, culture, history, ethnicity) Governments realized that they needed to harness these energies Aims of 1848 now somewhat realized Governments will lead nationalist pushes Drive out minorities Topics Crimean War Second French Empire Italian Unification German Unification Austria Russia Study Guide – Section 63, #1, Palmer pg. 515-516

3. Crimean War

4. 2. What significance was the Crimean War for European national movements? How did the major European powers become involved in the dispute that broke out between Russia and Turkey in 1853? Study Guide – Section 63, Palmer pg. 519-520

5. Crimean War (1854-1856) Caused by Russia's continued drive to the south France, the UK, & Austria fear Russian expansion Study Guide – Section 63, #2, Palmer pg. 519-520

7. The Charge of the Light Brigade Half a league, half a league,   Half a league onward,All in the valley of Death   Rode the six hundred."Forward, the Light Brigade!"Charge for the guns!" he said:Into the valley of Death   Rode the six hundred… A romanticized poem of the battle by Alfred Lord Tennyson

8. Florence Nightengale “The Lady with the Lamp”

9. Treaty of Paris, 1856 All pledged to uphold Ottoman Turkey Romania and Serbia though were to become independent Russia lost influence & territory

10. France

11. 1. Discuss political institutions and political life in the Second Empire. Study Guide – Section 62, Palmer pg. 512-513

12. 2. Describe French economic growth under Napoleon III. Study Guide – Section 62, Palmer pg. 513-514

13. 3. What caused the ruin and downfall of the Second Empire? Study Guide – Section 62, Palmer pg. 515-516

14. France President Louis-Napoleon Emperor Napoleon III

15. Second Empire Politics Populist and authoritarian ruler Built modern Paris – Burned during 1848 Economics Credit Mobilier Suez Canal Industrial Growth Foreign Policy Mexican Empire Colonies Avenue des Gobelins and the Panthéon, Paris Study Guide – Section 62, #1, Palmer pg. 512-513 Study Guide – Section 62, #2, Palmer pg. 513-514 Study Guide – Section 62, #3, Palmer pg. 515-516

16. Italy

17. Unification of Italy

18. 1. Describe the state of political affairs in Italy in the 1850s. How did Piedmont differ from the other Italian states? Study Guide – Section 64, Palmer pg. 521

19. Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont Italian unification movement:Risorgimento [“Resurgence”]

20. 2. What role had Mazzini played? What had happened in 1848 to the unification movement? Study Guide – Section 64, Palmer pg. 521

21. 3. How did Cavour unify Italy? Study Guide – Section 64, Palmer pg. 522-525

22. Italian Unification “Heart” “Brains” “Sword” Giuseppe Mazzini Camillo di Cavour Giuseppe Garibaldi Study Guide – Section 64, #3, Palmer pg. 522-525

23. Pope Pius IX: The Spoiler? Study Guide – Section 64, #3, Palmer pg. 522-525

24. Austro-Sardinian War, 1859 Study Guide – Section 64, #3, Palmer pg. 522-525

25. 4. What was the status of unification in 1861? How was it eventually completed? Study Guide – Section 64, Palmer pg. 523

26. Garibaldi & the Red Shirts unite with Piedmont-Sardinia, 1861 Study Guide – Section 64, #4, Palmer pg. 523

27. Austro-Prussian War, 1866 Italy, sides with Austria Annexes Venetia Study Guide – Section 64, #4, Palmer pg. 523

28. Unified Peninsula A contemporary British cartoon, entitled "Right Leg in the Boot at Last," shows Garibaldi helping Victor Emmanuel put on the Italian boot. Study Guide – Section 64, #4, Palmer pg. 523

29. French Troops Leave Rome, 1870 Kingdom of Italy, 1871 Study Guide – Section 64, #4, Palmer pg. 523

30. Germany

31. German Unification

32. Zollverein, 1834

33. 1. What were the lessons for national unification seen in the failure of Frankfurt Assembly? Study Guide – Section 65, Palmer pg. 526

34. 2. Explain Bismarck’s political outlook and describe the nature and outcome of his dispute with the liberals in the Prussian parliament. What was the meaning of his famous “blood and iron” statement? Study Guide – Section 65, Palmer pg. 527

35. Otto von Bismarck “Iron” Chancellor of Prussia and German Empire Study Guide – Section 65, #2, Palmer pg. 527

36. 3. How did Bismarck succeed in ousting Austria from a position of leadership in Germany? Study Guide – Section 65, Palmer pg. 528

37. The Danish War, 1864

38. Austro-Prusian War (Seven Weeks War), 1866 Prussia Austria Study Guide – Section 65, #3, Palmer pg. 528

39. North German Confederation, 1867

40. 4. What did Bismarck hope to accomplish by a war with France? How did the Franco-Prussian war start? How did the war affect France? Germany? Study Guide – Section 65, Palmer pg. 531-532

41. Franco-Prussian War, 1871 Ems Dispatch Battle of Sedan Quickly occupied Paris and captured Napoleon III Study Guide – Section 65, #4, Palmer pg. 531-532

42. Treaty of Frankfurt, 1871 Second French Empire collapsed and Italians seized Rome France was forced to pay a huge indemnity and was occupied by the Germans until it was paid France had to give up Alsace-Lorraine The German Empire was proclaimed, the Second Reich Study Guide – Section 65, #4, Palmer pg. 531-532

43. German Empire (1871) Kaiser Wilhelm I

44. Austria

45. 5. What were the chief problems confronting the Habsburg empire in the nineteenth century? Study Guide – Section 65, Palmer pg. 534-535

46. Austria-Hungary Ethnicities Study Guide – Section 65, #5, Palmer pg. 534-535

47. 6. How effective was the Comprise of 1867 as a solution to the nationalities problem in the Habsburg Empire? Study Guide – Section 65, Palmer pg. 535-536

48. Compromise of 1867, Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary (1871) Study Guide – Section 65, #6, Palmer pg. 535-536

49. Russia

50. 1. How did the autocracy in Russia differ from absolutism in the West? Study Guide – Section 66, Palmer pg. 537