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Computer Hardware

CPU. SECONDARY STORAGE. Computer Hardware. RAM. Computer Facts. Preview the exam questions. COMPUTER FACTS. A computer is an electronic device which works within a binary digital system and has 4 functions: Accept input ( data – isolated facts ) Process input ( data )

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Computer Hardware

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  1. CPU SECONDARY STORAGE Computer Hardware RAM Computer Facts Preview the exam questions.

  2. COMPUTER FACTS • A computer is an electronic device which works within a binary digital system and has 4 functions: • Accept input (data – isolated facts) • Process input (data) • Produce output (information – processed data) • Storage

  3. Binary Digital System A system that works with two states. For the computer these two states are on/off or the digits of 1 and 0.

  4. printer Hard Drive BUS Tower CPU RAM Floppy CD Drive Drive Ports Peripheral devices keyboard mouse Monitor

  5. MAIN MENU Some Hardware Definitions • Tower – box that holds CPU, RAM, etc. • Peripheral Devices – input/output devices such as the printer, monitor, etc. • Bus – electronic device that connects all the internal parts of the computer • Port – connectors for all peripheral devices

  6. MAIN MENU CPU F A C T S Central Processing Unit How does this work? Diagram of parts

  7. MAIN MENU Control Unit CPU Diagram Registers ALU

  8. MAIN MENU CONTROL UNIT Fetches and Interprets Instructions From RAM

  9. MAIN MENU ALU(arithmetic/logic unit) Executes instructions

  10. MAIN MENU Register Fast accessing storage Inside the CPU

  11. MAIN MENU CPU FACTS • Megahertz – unit of speed for the CPU • CPU works with the machine cycle • How are numbers, letters, graphics etc. represented in binary digits contained in registers?

  12. MACHINE CYCLE 1. Fetched 2. Interpreted INSTRUCTION 3. Executed

  13. What part of the CPU fetches, interprets, and executes? CPU Fetch Interpret Control Unit ALU Execute

  14. MAIN MENU Physically a series of chips. RAM Storage Units F A C T S Random Access Memory How does this work?

  15. MAIN MENU RAM FACTS Click to view facts. • Holds data and instructions waiting for processing by the CPU • Temporary storage • Contents are deleted when power source removed. • What is CACHE?

  16. CACHE • Cache is fast accessing intermediate memory that holds the most needed data and instructions. • It is smaller than RAM. • Because it is smaller than RAM a search of cache is faster memory access. • Therefore it is always searched first when available.

  17. CPU CACHE RAM

  18. MAIN MENU BYTE KILOBYTE MEGABYTE GIGABYTE TERABYTE BYTE = smallest unit of storage binary digit; 1 or a 0 BIT = 8 bits = 1,000 bytes = 1,000,000 bytes = 1,000,000,000 bytes = 1,000,000,000,000 bytes

  19. MAIN MENU SECONDARY STORAGE Basic Facts

  20. All secondary storage has 2 parts: A disk – a platter which stores the data/inforamtion A drive – mechanism which reads the disk NOTE: a read/write head is part of the drive which sits over the disk and read the data

  21. A CRASH is when the read/write head touches the disk and destroys data. CRASH

  22. All Disks have two parts: SECTORS TRACKS

  23. All Disks have two parts: This makes an Addressable Space. Therefore, Disks are Randomly Accessible.

  24. Hard Drives • Composed of several disks. • Large, permanent storage. • Not portable storage. • Disks are magnetic.

  25. Floppy Drives • Composed of one disk. • Large, permanent storage. • Portable storage. • Disks are magnetic.

  26. CD Drives • Composed of one disk. • Very large, permanent storage. • Portable storage. • Disks work with light waves.

  27. Graphic Resources • www.bedford.lib.nh.us/ Basics.htm • members.iweb.net.au/~pstorr/ pcbook/book2/memchips.htm • www.aiyamicro.com/htm-1/computer-parts/ computer-parts-n... • webhome.idirect.com/~jadams/ electronics/identify2.htm • www.csd.uwo.ca/bitbybit/

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