1 / 17

Cells

Mostly microscopic Light microscopy upto 1000x Passes light through E.g. typical plant & animal cells Electron microscopy upto 100000x Scans sample with electron beam E.g. molecules (DNA) Prokaryotic Bacteria and bacteria-like Eukaryotic Fungi, Protista, Plants, Animals. Cells. Simpler

mildred
Download Presentation

Cells

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Mostly microscopic Light microscopy upto 1000x Passes light through E.g. typical plant & animal cells Electron microscopy upto 100000x Scans sample with electron beam E.g. molecules (DNA) Prokaryotic Bacteria and bacteria-like Eukaryotic Fungi, Protista, Plants, Animals Cells

  2. Simpler Smaller size DNA without nucleus Cell wall & other crude protective layers Lack organelles Complex >10x larger DNA in nucleus Cell membrane Some also have cell wall Membrane bound organelles specialization Prokaryotesvs.Eukaryotes

  3. Genetic control center DNA Replicates during cellular division Fibers = chromatin Sends instructions as RNA (in nucleolus) through pores To synthesize proteins (writes amino acid sequence) Nucleus

  4. Rough ER Studded by ribosomes Assembles proteins for further processing Membrane system Continuous with nuclear membrane Creates compartments Acts as highway or conveyer belt Endoplasmic Reticulum

  5. Continuous with Rough ER Lacks the ribosomes Uses enzymes to make lipids In sex cells, SER makes sex hormones In liver cells, SER detoxifies In muscle cells, SER stores and releases Calcium for muscle contraction Smooth ER

  6. Golgi apparatus • Shipping / Receiving department • Receives proteins from ER, modifies, packages, labels for destination, within or outside of cell

  7. RER packaged enzymes Golgi modified Digests: Food in vacuole Bacteria in blood Damaged organelle (recycles) Lysosomes – breakdown bodies

  8. Vacuoles • Membranous sacks w/o digestive enzymes • Carry food in • Storage • Water • Chemicals • Waste • Pigments • Poisons

  9. Water regulation Water continues to seep inside Osmotic properties and differences in concentrations Pump out excess Prevents cells from over-swelling or burst Contractile vacuoles

  10. Chloroplasts • Photosynthesis = converts solar E to glucose • Continuous double membrane/compartment system • Fluid stroma • disks or grana = solar power packs

  11. Converts glucose (stored E) into cellular E (ATP) Potential E to chemical E to Kinetic E Via cellular respiration Double membrane & compartment system Fluid matrix Folds or Cristae to increase Surface Area Mitochondria

  12. Cytoskeleton – structural proteins • Microfilaments – cell structure & cell contraction • Intermediate filaments – cell structure and anchoring • Microtubule – organelle support & movement

  13. Locomotor microtubules Short, numerous Long less numerous Cilia & Flagella

  14. Cell wall, plasma membrane, or capsules Plant cell wall Cellulose fibers for structure & support E.g. wood is almost all cell wall material Plasmodesmata for intercellular communication Animal cell membranes Tight junctions = leakproof Anchoring junctions = strength Gap junctions = intercellular communication Cell Surfaces

More Related