Comprehensive Guide to Contraceptives: Types and Effectiveness

1. Contraceptives

2. What is a contraceptive? • Why are they used? • Can you name a few???

3. ABSTINENCE • Not having sexual intercourse • Complete Abstinence – Avoiding all intimate contact (anal and oral) • Prevents pregnancy and STD’s • 100% effective!!

4. Cervical Cap • A silicone cup inserted into the vagina and over the cervix. It works by keeping sperm from entering the uterus. • 84% effective for those who have never given birth, but only 71% effective for those who have.

5. Diaphragm A dome-shaped cup with a flexible ring made of latex. It is inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix. It blocks the opening to the uterus and prevents sperm from joining with an egg. • 84% effective

6. Female Condom • A plastic pouch with flexible plastic rings at each end. Before intercourse, it's inserted into the vagina; the ring at the closed end holds the pouch in the vagina, and the ring at the open end stays outside the vaginal opening during sex. • 79% effective

7. Birth Control Pills • Birth control pills are made of hormones(estrogen & progestin). • The hormones in the pill work by keeping a woman’s ovaries from releasing eggs (ovulation). • 92% effective

8. Male Condom • Worn on the penis • Made of thin latex or plastic • Collects semen during ejaculation • Prevents pregnancy & reduces the risk of sexually transmitted infections. • 85% effective

9. The Morning After Pill (emergency contraception) • Uses the same hormones as a birth control pill, but in greater amounts. • Used when other contraception methods failed. • 89% effective if taken within 72 hours

10. Birth Control Shot • Shot releases a hormone — progestin — into the body • Prevents the ovaries from releasing eggs. • 97% effective

11. IUD(Intrauterine Device) • "T-shaped" devices made of flexible plastic. • Inserted into the uterus by a health professional. • Prevents sperm from joining with egg. • 99% Effective