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Government by Wiki: A Guided Tour

An executive briefing on the use of collaborative technologies in government, including case studies and best practices.

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Government by Wiki: A Guided Tour

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  1. Government by Wiki: A Guided Tour Monday, May 7, 2007, 9:45 - 10:30 a.m. Brand Niemann, Senior Enterprise Architect, US EPA, and Best Practices Committee Secretariat, Federal CIO Council The 22nd Semi-Annual Spring Government CIO Summit, Government by Wiki: New Tools for Collaboration, Information-Sharing, and Decision-Making, May 6-8, 2007, Ft. Myers, FL.

  2. Government Information Leaders to Caucus on Web 2.0 • Using a Wiki to collaborate in developing the Data Reference Model, a key component of the Federal Enterprise Architecture. • Susan Turnbull, GSA Office of Citizen Services and Communications. • The government healthcare community is using blogs and virtual communities to connect with important health interest groups. • John Anderton, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. • Members of the Utah State Legislature are using a Wiki to collaborate on developing the lists of bills they send to committees. They say the Wiki has distributed responsibility and power to the members as never before. • Stephen Urquhart, Utah House of Representatives. • The intelligence community is using these similar tools to locate new sources of national security information. • Chris Rasmussen, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency.

  3. Government Information Leaders to Caucus on Web 2.0 • Are you up to speed on the latest trends in collaborative technologies and techniques that business thinkers say will “change business as we know it”? If this claim is true, it is likely to change how government operates too. • I was asked to be your Tour Guide. • A big responsibility!

  4. Government Information Leaders to Caucus on Web 2.0 • An executive briefing for government CIOs on who’s using the new tools and techniques for collaboration, how well they work, how to start using them, and what their promise holds for agency CIOs and CEOs. • Lot’s of things to cover in only 45 minutes and leave time to dialogue with you!

  5. Government Information Leaders to Caucus on Web 2.0 • First, what do we mean by the word government (we are in Washington, DC)? • Certainly Federal, but also international (Canada, New Zealand, and United Kingdom) and state and local. (Will not be able to stop) • Governance (“Government of the people, by the people, and for the people”). (A brief stop) • Internet. (Very important last stop)

  6. Tour Map • 1. CIO Council Committees • 2. Federal Enterprise Architecture • 3. CIO Council Strategic Plan • 4. Networking Communities of Practice • 5. Internet Evolution to 2020 • 6. Dialogue

  7. 1. CIO Council Committees Note: BPC Added Spatial Ontology and CPIC/PM. Source: Pages 21-22, Federal Chief Information Officer Council Strategic Plan: FY 2007-2009, 28 pp. http://www.cio.gov/documents/CIOCouncilStrategicPlan2007-2009.pdf 7

  8. 1. CIO Council Committees • 1.a Architecture & Infrastructure Committee: • Emerging Technology Subcommittee: • Susan Turnbull, Co-chair, and Lead for the Collaborative Expedition Workshops. • Chief Architects Forum (next section on FEA). • 1.b Best Practices Committee: • Secretariat: • Brand Niemann, Secretariat and Co-chair of the Semantic Interoperability Community of Practice (SICoP). • 1.c IT Workforce Committee: • 2006 IT Summit: • Collaboration Across Three Committees.

  9. 1.a Architecture & Infrastructure Committee Google: ColabWiki Wiki Home Page http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?ExpeditionWorkshop/Achieving_High_Enterprise_Performance_By_Connecting_ProcessImprovement_KM_And_EA

  10. 1b. Best Practices Committee Google: ColabWiki Best Practices Committee http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?BestPracticesCommittee

  11. 1b. Best Practices Committee CoP and WG Reports Next Meeting: May 14th Agenda File Repository

  12. 1.c IT Workforce Committee Google: ColabWiki: Federal IT Summit 2006 http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?FederalITSummit_2006_10_04

  13. 1.c IT Workforce Committee • Federal IT Summit 2006, October 4th: • Mr. Clay Johnson, III, Deputy Director for Management, OMB, Executive Chair of the Federal CIO Council: • Clarity • Accountability • Transparency • The ColabWiki supports this for: • Individual CIO Council Committee Activities. • FEA - OMB Data Reference Model 2.0. • Collaboration Across the Three CIO Council Committees.

  14. 2. Federal Enterprise Architecture Purpose Events Archive & Resources Deliverables Google: ColabWiki: Data Reference Model http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?DataReferenceModel

  15. 2. Federal Enterprise Architecture Google: ColabWiki: Chief Architects Forum http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?ChiefArchitectsForum

  16. 2. Federal Enterprise Architecture Agenda Pilot Wiki Document Calendar and Resources Individual Speaker Talking Points

  17. 2. Federal Enterprise Architecture ColabWiki: First FEA TEM http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?FirstFEATEM

  18. 3. Federal Chief Information Officer Council Strategic Plan: FY 2007-2009 • Goal 1. A cadre of highly capable IT professionals with the mission critical competencies needed to meet agency goals. • Goal 2. Information securely, rapidly, and reliably delivered to our stakeholders. • Goal 3. Interoperable IT solutions, identified and used efficiently and effectively across the Federal Government. • Goal 4. An integrated, accessible Federal infrastructure enabling interoperability across Federal, state, tribal, and local governments, as well as partners in the commercial and academic sectors.

  19. 3. Federal Chief Information Officer Council Strategic Plan: FY 2007-2009 • Clay Johnson, Deputy Director for Management at OMB: • How does the Best Practices Committee do Best Practices? (January 17th CIO Council Meeting): • See next slide. • Mike McConnell, Director of National Intelligence: • Move the intelligence community beyond the "need to share" philosophy toward a "responsibility to provide" model • March 6, 2007, GovExec.com, Intelligence chief establishes information-sharing panel.

  20. 3. Federal Chief Information Officer Council Strategic Plan: FY 2007-2009 • Suggestion by BPC Co-Chair, George Strawn on a "Best Practices" Process, March 19, 2007: • 1. Request for Best Practices: A way for CIOs and their friends to ask for help from other agencies (and others) as to what are best practices in a given activity. • 2. Requests for Best Practicers: Present to the Best Practice Committee (as we have been doing). • 3. Capture These Presentations: The audio/video as well as the materials that we already capture and make available over the Wiki. • 4. Facilitate Access to and Awareness of These Materials: RSS and perhaps other techniques.

  21. Goal 2: Information securely, rapidly, and reliably delivered to our stakeholders The FEA DRM 2.0 was written in the COLAB and is being implemented in Semantic Wikis!

  22. 4. Networking Communities of Practice • Jerry Mechling, Director, Leadership for a Networked World Program, Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University: • Cross-Boundary Governance Through Agreements and Standards: Assuring Compliance and Results (March 20-22, 2007): • Karen Evans, David Wennergren, Ambassador Ted McNamara, Program Manager, Information Sharing Environment, Bill Vajda, CIO US Department of Education and Co-Chair of the CIOC Best Practices Committee, Chief William Bratton, Los Angeles Police Department, Esther Dyson, Blogger of Release 0.9, Charlie Havekost, CIO US Department of Health & Human Services, Harry Spence, Commissioner of Social Services, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Teri Takai, CIO, State of Michigan, Brand Niemann, SICoP, etc. • See next slide.

  23. Techno-Socio Cross-Boundary Standards Issues Response to Jerry Mechling's Common Structure Challenge. Note: The Lines are the Boundaries to Cross Unstructured- Semi- Structured, & Structured Systems That Know Semantic Web Knowledge- bases Ontology Social Agreement Standards Key Field Relational Database Systems EHR, E-Grants, Etc. Structured Databases Technical Standards Agreement Common Vocabulary SMTP/MIME Unstructured- to-Semi- structured HL7 NIEM, Etc. Email Systems Messages Information Examples Global

  24. 4. Networking Communities of Practice • Jerry Mechling, Director, Leadership for a Networked World Program, Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University: • Making Cross-Boundary Transformation Happen: The Role of Executive Sponsors (June 26-27, 2007): • “Driven by new capacities to communicate over computer-based networks…, coordinate activities across boundaries…, simultaneously breaking through old boundaries of governance and finding a need to improve governance…. • This is what the Best Practices Committee is doing with Communities of Practice and “Web 2.0: Tying It All Together in A Service System” (see slides 25-27)! • The KZO platform integrates blogs, wikis, and other interactive Web 2.0 features.

  25. People Business Products Information 4. Web 2.0: Tying It All Together in a Service System The Challenge: Service industry growth enable transform enable develop Consumer services Non-market services Business services operate & maintain utilize design create Information services Industrial services Source: Dr. Spohrer, Towards a Science of Service Systems, CIOC Best Practices Committee, March 19, 2007.

  26. 4. Web 2.0: Tying It All Together in a Service System The Challenge: Academic Silos People Business Schools of Social Science & Humanities Schools of Business Management Products & Nature Information Schools of Science & Engineering Information Schools Source: Dr. Spohrer, Towards a Science of Service Systems, CIOC Best Practices Committee, March 19, 2007.

  27. 4. Web 2.0: Tying It All Together in a Service System The Challenge: CIO Council Silos Stakeholders Input and Outreach People Business Goal 1 Goal 4 The “Medici Effect” IT Workforce Committee Executive Committee Information Technology Information Goal 3 Goal 2 Architecture & Infrastructure Committee Best Practices Committee Source: Pages 21-22, Federal Chief Information Officer Council Strategic Plan: FY 2007-2009, 28 pp. http://www.cio.gov/documents/CIOCouncilStrategicPlan2007-2009.pdf

  28. 4. Web 2.0: Tying It All Together in a Service System Information People Information Technology Business http://campustechnology.com/articles/46250/

  29. 4. Networking Communities of Practice Podcast Agenda Videocast RSS Feeds Panel Google: NIH Wiki Fair http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?NIHWikiFair_2007_02_28

  30. 4. Networking Communities of Practice • NIH Wiki Fair - Lessons Learned: • Dr. Larry Sanger Editor-in-Chief of the Citizendium Project and Co-founder of Wikipedia: • Subject Matter Experts* • Real Identities and Bios* • Deal with Troublemakers Swiftly* • Dr. Brand Niemann, US EPA: • Every Government Employee Has a Wiki Page (Knowledge Retention). • Government Employees Are Encouraged/Rewarded for Participation in CoPs (Presidential Memorandum). • Agency and Interagency Collaboration Activities are Managed as CoPs of CoPs. Note: The Colab Wiki does these*.

  31. 4. Networking Communities of Practice 5 Months of Planning and Activities! Home Page Revisions/Additions: 183! Conference Proceedings Google: SOA for E-Government 2007 http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?SOAforEGovernment_2007_05_0102

  32. 5. Internet Evolution to 2020 • Internet (Web 2.0 (Wikis)): • Math for: Wikis are part of Web 2.0 which are part of the Internet. • Web 2.0: Essential Essentials: • Refers to a perceived second-generation of Web based communities and hosted services — such as social networking sites, wikis and folksonomies — that facilitate collaboration and sharing between users. • Earlier users of the phrase "Web 2.0" employed it as a synonym for "Semantic Web," and indeed, the two concepts complement each other. The combination of social-networking systems such as FOAF and XFN with the development of tag-based folksonomies, delivered through blogs and wikis, sets up a basis for a semantic web environment. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2

  33. 5. Internet Evolution to 2020 E.g. Google Maps Time bar of Web 2.0 buzz words. This image shows the age of some buzzwords sometimes used in Web 2.0 lingo and its dependencies. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2

  34. 5. Internet Evolution to 2020 • The Web Browser is also an Editor! • Original intention of Web-inventor Sir Tim Berners-Lee. • Simple demo of editing a Wiki page. • The Web Browser provides a richer experience! • See KZO Networks, Washington Post – Newsweek Interactive, and Library of Congress as examples. • The content is also delivered to more than a Web Browser! • PDAs, Cell Phones, and Other Gadgets. Social Media: RSS, blogs, podcasts, wikis, and others.

  35. Semantic Wikis: The Role of Techno-Social Collaboration in Building DRM 3.0 and Web 3.0 for Managing Context Across Multiple Documents and Organizations, SICOP Special Conference, February 6, 2007, Mills Davis, Project10X.

  36. 5. Internet Evolution to 2020 • Semantic Interoperability Community of Practice: • 1. The Web: • Content Portals and P2P File Sharing. • 2. The Social Web: • The Wiki, Conferencing, and Community Portals. • 3. The Semantic Web: • Ontologies, Semantic Search, and Knowledgebases. • 4. The Ubiquitous Web: • Semantic Wiki and Semantic Communities.

  37. 5. Internet Evolution to 2020 Note: This example includes Web 1-4! http://web-services.gov/

  38. 5. Internet Evolution to 2020 VisualKnowledge Semantic Wiki Spatial Ontology CoP Start Your Own Semantic Wiki Energy Community Google: Visual Knowledge SICoP SWIM http://www.visualknowledge.com

  39. 5. Internet Evolution to 2020 Knoodl Semantic Wiki Classes Data Model as an Ontology in OWL Properties Google: Knoodl.com http://www.knoodl.com/ui/groups/VMWG/vocab/JPM_IS_CBRN

  40. 6. Dialogue • In essence, I have introduced some new paradigms: • Do Your Own IT and IM • WeSmarterThanMe.Org • Documents, Models, and Software Behaviors • Your Turn to Ask Questions: • Google: Brand Niemann • niemann.brand@epa.gov • There are more slides.

  41. Wikinomics: How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything • "Wikinomics heralds the biggest change in collaboration to date. Thanks to the Internet, masses of people outside the boundaries of traditional hierarchies can innovate to produce content, goods and services. In order to understand the opportunities this presents for companies, read this book. • Eric Schmidt, CEO Google • Chapter 11, The Wikinomics Playbook is now officially past the beta stage. Developed by readers and experts like you, this wiki represents the latest on mass collaboration in the Web 2.0 Era. http://www.wikinomics.com/

  42. Wikipedia and Intellipedia • You have probably heard of Wikipedia: • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ • You may have heard of Intellipedia (Reuters, October 31, 2006): • The U.S. intelligence community on Tuesday unveiled its own secretive version of Wikipedia, saying the popular online encyclopedia format known for its openness is key to the future of American espionage. • The office of U.S. intelligence czar John Negroponte announced Intellipedia, which allows intelligence analysts and other officials to collaboratively add and edit content on the government's classified Intelink Web much like its more famous namesake on the World Wide Web. • They also said it could lead to more accurate intelligence reports because the system allows a wider range of officials to scrutinize material and keeps a complete, permanent record of individual contributions including dissenting points of view.

  43. Calvin Andrus: Wikis and Blogs Changing Agency Culture for Information Sharing at the CIA • But you may not have heard about Wikis and Blogs Changing Agency Culture for Information Sharing at the CIA Unless You Came to Our Collaborative Expedition Workshop, July 18, 2006: • Wikis and blogs allow real-time analysis and reaction to intelligence information to occur as quickly as users can update information, Calvin Andrus said. “It just happens, just like an ant hill happens.“ • Source: COLAB: An Open Collaborative Work Environment to Support Networking Among Communities of Practice (Wiki): • http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?ExpeditionWorkshop/OpenCollaboration_NetworkingWikiInformationTechnology_2006_07_18#nid357Y • Note: Showed this on purpose to illustrate use of Purple Numbers and how to improve Google Search.

  44. Calvin Andrus: Wikis and Blogs Changing Agency Culture for Information Sharing at the CIA *Susan Turnbull celebrated 6th year of collaborative workshops on March 22nd and uses Wiki that incorporates Doug Engelbart’s work.

  45. Calvin Andrus: Wikis and Blogs Changing Agency Culture for Information Sharing at the CIA Source: New IC Emerges Through Links, Calvin Andrus, CIA Mission Innovation, July 18, 2006

  46. Calvin Andrus: Wikis and Blogs Changing Agency Culture for Information Sharing at the CIA First report in Wikipedia. Now a very comprehensive compendia! Updates at sub-minute intervals!

  47. Calvin Andrus: Wiki Knowledge Management: What Are We Thinking? • What We Need is a KM Framework that: • Allows people to update in near real time. • Does not constrain categories in advance. • Lets any person create unlimited objects and links. • Allows unlimited linking between one object and another. • Complexity Theory Suggests. . . • . . . that from knowledge workers who are allowed to share information and act upon it within a simple rule set will emerge a community that continuously and dynamically discovers what is unknown and converts it into the known in response to the needs of the competitive environment. Dr. Calvin Andrus, CIA. Closing Keynote, Knowledge Management 2007 Conference, April 3-5. http://events.fcw.com/events/2007/KM/downloads/KM07_Keynote_Andrus_V1.pdf

  48. Calvin Andrus: Wiki Knowledge Management: What Are We Thinking? • Technology Can Enable Complex Adaptive Behavior in Human Knowledge Workers: • Capabilities Wikis Bring: • Because Wikis are real-time, self-authored, hyperlinked bodies of knowledge that are open to everyone on the system, they can adapt as fast as a person can enter information. • Wikis also provide a space for knowledge evolve as the world changes, without knowledge reengineering. • Together, Google and the Wikipedia manage more knowledge better and faster and cheaper than any other framework we have yet invented.

  49. Calvin Andrus: Wiki Knowledge Management: What Are We Thinking? • A Space to Grow: • By deploying wikis on classified networks, and granting access to all comers, we put the Foreign Policy, Defense, National Security, and Intelligence Communities together. Knowledge and feedback is shared by all. • Thus, changes in the National Security environment can be learned by the Intel Community, which in turn, can adapt. • From simple local interactions, a global community emerges • In Conclusion: • Technology is the enabler, not the solution. • The solution is changing the culture to allow knowledge workers to share and act -- with simple rules of engagement. • Leaders must build an incentive and reward structure for those components that adopt this new model of doing business.

  50. More Essentials and Guided Tours • 1. Web 1.0 • 2. Web 2.0 • 3. Web 2.0 ... The Machine is Us/ing Us • 4. Lets Wiki, Wiki! • 5. Web 3.0 and Beyond • 6. What’s Hot

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