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Classification of Matter

Classification of Matter. Matter. Anything that has mass and takes up space Examples: Desk Water Air Can be divided into 2 main categories: Pure substances Mixtures. Pure Substances. There are 2 categories of pure substances: Elements Compounds. Elements. Elements

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Classification of Matter

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  1. Classification of Matter

  2. Matter • Anything that has mass and takes up space • Examples: • Desk • Water • Air • Can be divided into 2 main categories: • Pure substances • Mixtures

  3. Pure Substances • There are 2 categories of pure substances: • Elements • Compounds

  4. Elements • Elements • Composed of only one type of atom • All elements are found on the periodic table • Uses 1 or 2 letter symbol • Examples • Oxygen (O2) • Gold (Au) • Potassium (K)

  5. Compounds • Compounds • 2 or more types of atoms chemically combined • Combination of 2 or more symbols and sometimes numbers • Examples • Carbon dioxide (CO2) • Sodium chloride (NaCl) • Sugar (C6H12O6)

  6. Reminders • Both elements and compounds are types of pure substances! • Sometimes an element has a number, such as O2. The important thing is that it has only one type of atom. • Compounds always have 2 or more elements! • Element or compound? • Water (H2O) • Nitrogen (N2) • Calcium (Ca) • Potassium fluoride (KF)

  7. Mixtures • Combination of 2 or more elements and/or compounds • Can be separated by physical means • Two types: • Homogeneous • Heterogeneous

  8. Homogeneous Mixtures • Homo- means “same” • A homogeneous mixture is the same throughout • Solution – another name for homogeneous mixture • evenly mixed • Alloy – 2 metals melted together to produce a metal with desired qualities

  9. Heterogeneous Mixtures • Hetero- means “different” • A heterogeneous mixture has different parts that can be seen • Suspension – particles separate or settle out • Colloid – tiny particles do not settle • Tyndall effect • Basic mixture – clearly see parts

  10. Reflection (p. 40)

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