U.s. history

1. U.s. history Unit 2 Exam Review The Gilded Age

2. Question 1 Which goal was shared by both the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor? • to help large corporations to increase their production • to introduce new and innovative techniques to factories • to promote immigration of skilled workers from Asia and Europe • to organize workers to demand better conditions from employers

3. Question 2 In the late 1800s, which factor directly contributed to the growth of the American steel industry? • government regulation • employee ownership • new production techniques • the formation of labor unions

4. Question 3 The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 and the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 were efforts by the federal government to • regulate aspects of business. • expand the positive features of the trusts. • favor big businesses over small companies. • move toward government ownership of key industries.

5. Question 4 In the late nineteenth century, critics of big business claimed that monopolies in the United States harmed the economy by • unfairly limiting competition. • decreasing the urban growth rate. • preventing technological innovation. • failing to keep pace with European industries.

6. Question 5 During the late 1800s, what was a major effect of industrialization on America’s workers? • Membership in unions declined. • Workers migrated to rural regions. • Most factory jobs became service industry jobs. • Skilled craftsmen were often replaced by unskilled machine operators.

7. Question 6 What social issue was raised by many philanthropic activities of many American business leaders during the Gilded Age? • Should private industries be taken over by worker organizations? • Were American businesses charging too much for their products? • Should state governments limit the philanthropic activities of private citizens? • Was it right for business owners to pay low wages to their workers to finance philanthropic activities?

8. Question 7 Which best describes a positive contribution of Andrew Carnegie? • Carnegie helped workers obtain better conditions in his factories. • Carnegie showed how to organize large-scale production as well as how to use profits in philanthropic activities. • Carnegie obtained secret rebates from railroad companies shipping his product. • Carnegie obtained near monopoly control of one part of a national industry, rather than engaging in several related activities.

9. Question 8 Which was an important benefit of the laissez-faire policies of the federal government in the late nineteenth century? • American entrepreneurs were able to invest in their businesses with little government interference. • American businesses were able to avoid the ups and downs of the business cycle. • American workers found it easy to organize into labor unions. • American workers felt secure about the safety of conditions in factories.

10. Question 9 During the period from 1865-1900, disputes between labor and business owners were sometimes marked by • the use of violence by both sides. • cooperative efforts to resolve differences. • government support for striking workers. • negotiations by the federal government.

11. Question 10 What was the main purpose of the antitrust legislation passed by Congress? • to promote corporate consolidation • to restrict foreign access to American markets • to protect competition between private businesses • to reduce the average size of business

12. Question 11 The statement “God gave me my money. I believe the power to make money is a gift from God to be developed and used for the good of mankind,” was probably said by • John D. Rockefeller • Terrance Powderly • Samuel Gompers • Thomas Edison

13. Question 12 What was an important effect of industrialization in the United States in the later part of the nineteenth century? • People began to move from cities to rural areas. • The urban population declined. • The rate of expansion of railroad lines began to drop. • The proportion of Americans living in cities continuously increased.

14. Question 13 Nativists in California in the 1880s would most likely have supported the • creation of settlement houses to aid new immigrants. • passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act. • continuation of the contract labor system. • assimilation of Native American Indians into mainstream culture.

15. Question 14 After 1880, where did the majority of “New Immigrants” to the United States come from? • Northern and Western Europe • Canada and Latin America • Southern and Eastern Europe • China and Southeast Asia

16. Question 15 During the last part of the nineteenth century, most immigrants to the United States found work as • unskilled factory and sweatshop workers • educated professionals • scientists and technicians • skilled craftsmen

17. Question 16 During the late 1800s and early 1900s, prejudice against “New Immigrants” increased because these immigrants • had job skills superior to those of most American workers. • formed their own labor unions in order to receive higher wages. • came from cultural backgrounds different from those of the majority of Americans. • tried to replace American democracy with other forms of government.

18. Question 17 What major trend occurred to the population of the United States during the industrial expansion of the late nineteenth century? • Farm population increased. • Migration to rural areas increased. • Immigration decreased. • Urbanization increased.

19. Question 18 In the late 1800s, why did Congress pass restrictions on immigration from China? • to stop illegal immigration from Latin America • to provide highly skilled workers for industry • to limit the power of urban political machines • to satisfy nativist prejudices in California

20. Question 19 Between 1880 and 1900, most immigrants coming to the United States settled in cities because • factory and workshop jobs were available there. • little available farmland remained in the Midwest. • most immigrants came from large cities in Europe. • city laws afforded special rights and protections for immigrants.

21. Question 20 Which demographic shift occurred in the United States in the late nineteenth century as a result of industrialization? • Northerners moved to the Sun Belt states. • Rural residents moved into urban areas. • Working class people left the cities to move to the suburbs. • African Americans moved from the North to the South.

22. Question 21 What was a successful example of “Americanization”? • The Dawes Act led Native Americans to sell their lands. • The Homestead Act made federal land available to settlers. • The children of New Immigrants learned English in public schools. • Congress prohibited the immigration of Chinese workers.

23. Answer Key 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. C 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C 11. A