Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 201 3 & comparison with previous years

1. Air pollution by ozone in Europe • during the summer 2013 • & comparison with previous years • Libor Černikovský, Blanka Krejčí • Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Czech Republic • ETC/ACM consortium partner

2. Legislation • On 14 June 2008, the Directive 2008/50/EC on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe came into force. • The provisions of earlier AQ directives remained in force until 11 June 2010, when they were repealed by Directive 2008/50/EC. • The new directive does not change the levels of the existing TVs, LTOs, alert threshold or information threshold for ozone. • The 'transmission of information and reports' of Article 10 of Directive 2002/3/EC has remained in force.This article addresses the reporting requirements concerning ambient ozone and will be repealed as from 1 January 2014,i. e. two years after entry into force of the implementing measures of Directive 2008/50/EC. Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

3. Legislation • The Member States have to provide: • monthly data: before the end of the following month information on the exceedance of • information threshold, 1h max > 180 µg/m3 • alert threshold, 1h max > 240 µg/m3 • April – September data: not later than 31st October • information on the exceedances of long-term objective for the protection of human health,8h daily max > 120 µg/m3 • 1h monthly maximumsfor all stations Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

4. Summer report • Tightdeadlines: • 31 October for data delivery • 30 November: 1st draft delivery to EEA • 15 December: final draft delivery to EEA • publication ofthe report in spring 2014 • Provisionalnon-validated data used • Summerreports available on EEA web pagehttp://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/publications#c9=all&c7=en&b_start=0&c14=airpollutionbyozone Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

5. 15 summer reports: 1998–2012 Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

6. Changes in the period of1998–2013 • 15 years… 2 decades… past century… past millennium • 3 Directives: • 92/72/EEC on air pollution by ozone • 2002/3/EC on ozone in ambient air • 2008/50/EC on ambient AQ and cleaner air for Europe • 3 ETC: • /AQ + PTL/AQ: …Air Quality • /ACC: …Air andClimate Change • /ACM: …Air Pollution and ClimateChangeMitigation • Frank: RIVM  MNP  PBL  RIVM • 15  28 EU MemberStates • 1084 ozone stations in 1997 vs. 2107 stations in 2012 • 1 EEA Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

7. Changes in the period of1998–2013 • Data exchange: • 16 verisons of DEM: v1 v16 • XLS/e-mail XLS/CDR  e-Reporting • no any NRT  semireal-time data  NRT  UTD • Off-line  on-line • On-line use of data… forecast • Technology development… • Betterunderstandingofthe data & a heartofthematter ? Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

8. 1st report: Air pollution by ozone in Europein 1997 and summer 1998 • Prepared byFrank de Leeuw, Rob Sluyter andTim de Paus (RIVM - ETC/AQ) • Cartographiccontributions and further GIS support: Jaroslav Fiala, Hana Livorova, Jana Ostatnicka (CHMI-PTL/AQ) • The data collection in Phare countries was facilitated by the Phare Topic Link on Air Quality working as part of the European Topic Centre on Air Quality. Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

9. Air pollution by ozone in Europein 1997 and summer 1998 • For the calendar year 1997 was received data fromall 15 Member States and, on avoluntary basis,from 5 other countries (Switzerland, CzechRepublic, Latvia, Norway and Poland). Information on the situation inSlovakia was received one month later; unfortunately too late to includefully in this report… 984 + 100 stations • All information has been submittedin computerreadable form. • The spatial coverage and quality documentation of the data needfurtherimprovement. Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

10. Air pollution by ozone in Europe… • in 1998 and summer 1999: datafrom all 15 MS and, on a voluntary basis, from11 other countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, FYROM, Latvia, Lithuania,Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia and Switzerland)… 1400 + 140 stations • in 1999 and the summer of 2000: datafrom all 15 MS + 11 other countries (Bulgaria,Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Slovakia,Slovenia and Switzerland)…1778 monitoring stations were assumed to be operational • … Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

11. Spatialcoverage: 1997 vs. 2012 Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

12. NRT (ozone) data : 2004 vs. 2013 Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

13. Preliminary results 2013 • Summary overview on 1-hour thresholds exceedances is published monthly. • Following preliminary results are based on data received before 24th October 2013,i. e. partly without September data. • The information describing the situation during the summer is based on tentatively validated and non-validated monitoring data and hence should be regarded as preliminary (the level and extent of validation is not reported by the countries). Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

14. Distributionof exceedances2004–2013Preliminary results 2013 June July Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

15. Regional average number of exceedances per station during the summer for stations that reported at least one exceedance 4 regions to illustrate climatic differences among the groups of countries and also inter-annual variations. • Information threshold exceedances • Number of days with 1-hour concentration > 180 µg.m-3 Preliminary results 2013 Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013

16. Thank you for attention... Černikovský, Krejčí(ETC/ACM): Air pollution by ozone in Europe during the summer 2013 & comparison with previous years 18th EIONET Workshop on Air Quality Management and Assessment, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 October, 2013