Uses of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

1. International Standard for Sustainable Wild Collection of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants(ISSC-MAP)

2. Uses of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Food Medicines Cosmetics ISSC-MAP:The focus is on the species not on the product! Spices Source: U. Schippmann

3. WHOCollection Guideline WHO IUCN WWF Conservation Guideline The missing link: Standard = set of rules to define, implement, and evaluate good management practices ? ? Devils Claw Namibia Arnica Romania Boldo Chile Aquilaria SE-Asia Guidelines for MAP Conservation, Production, Quality Control (= general recommendations) Management Plans for Species and Regions

4. ISSC-MAP Development process Project lead, design and coordination Standard drafting, Owner of draft document Final decision making, Funding + Fundraising Promotion WWF/TRAFFIC Steering Group BfN IUCN (MPSG) Advice on standard content and implementation scenarios Promotion Advisory Group (ca. 120) Other Experts e.g. implementation study

5. To ensure the continued use and long-term survival of medicinal and aromatic plant (MAP) species and populations in their habitats, while respecting the traditions, cultures and livelihoods of all stakeholders. To provide a framework of principlesand criteria that can be applied to the management of MAP species and their ecosystems To provide guidance for management planning To serve as a basis for monitoring and reporting, and To recommend requirements for certification of sustainable wild collection of MAPs. ISSC-MAP – Purpose and objectives

6. Working Draft (2006): 6 Principles ecological Wild collection and conservation requirements Maintaining Wild Map Resources Preventing Negative Environmental Impacts social Compliance with Laws, Regulations, and Agreements Legal and ethical requirements Respecting Customary Rights enabling enabling Management and business practices Applying Responsible Management Practices economic and social Applying Responsible Business Practices

7. Structure of the ISSC-MAP:example of Wild Collection and Conservation Requirements Principle 1: Maintaining Wild MAP Resources Wild collection of MAP resources shall be conducted at a scale and rate and in a manner that maintains populations and species over the long term. Criterion 1.2: Knowledge-based collection practices MAP collection and management practices are based on adequate identification, inventory, assessment, and monitoring of the target species and collection impacts. Indicator 1.2.5 Internal collection instructions define collection methods for each target MAP species / part of plant based on appropriate sources of information and knowledge of biological characteristics of the species. • Verification and control • Collection instructions / internal collection rules • Species- and site-specific monographs for collectors • Information gathering documents • Published research, on-site research, local knowledge, collectors’ experience, etc. • Competence • Collection Manager • Consultant • Certifier

8. Structure of the ISSC-MAP:example of Legal and Ethical Requirements Principle 4: Respecting Customary Rights Local communities’ and indigenous peoples’ customary rights to use and manage collection areas and wild collected MAP resources shall be recognized and respected. Criterion 4.2: Benefit Sharing Agreements with local communities and indigenous people are based on appropriate and adequate knowledge of MAP resource tenure, management requirements, and value. Indicator 4.2.5 Resource access and benefit sharing agreements reflect available scientific, local, industry, and other relevant sources of knowledge/information concerning the current and anticipated value of the resource. • Verification and control • Agreement document • Records, reports, or other evidence reflecting the resource value • Competence • Collection Manager

9. Drafting ISSC-MAP Development 2004-2006 Implementation 2007-…. Legal Adoption And Policy Development Cooperation People &Politics Testing Certification Voluntary Codes of Practice ISSC-MAP Product Plant Consultation Resource Management Information and Training CITES Conferences

10. International Standard for theSustainable Wild Collection of Medicinal and Aromatic PlantsISSC-MAP Implementation Phase I 07/08

11. Organisational structure - Implementation Coordination Secretariat Lead in Communications Decision Board Fundraising Final decision Suggestions for 1) changes and additional guidance 2) Implementation scenarios Management of ISSC-MAP Advise, respond to questions and suggestions Technical Board Pilot implementation in field projects Specific questions /research Information exchange, recommendations Task groups, add. experts

12. Prioritizing implementation strategies

13. Implementation Priority implementation strategies • Meet the demand • Dialogue with relevant stakeholders • Combination with other scenarios • Fair Trade Standards • Organic Certification • Provide guidance to meet legal/ethical requirements • Raise awareness → Promotion → Fundraising → Awareness raising • What we need • Strong partners • Private Sector • Development Cooperation Agencies • Certifiers • Country authorities • Resource managers, communities Implementation projects in several regions

14. Implementation projects/case studies - selection

15. Objectives of the first years of implementation are among others: • Demonstrate benefits for on-the-ground operations and for MAP / habitat conservation through ISSC-MAP implementation • Detect challenges and obstacles for succesful ISSC-MAP implementation • Provide sound cost calculations of ISSC-MAP implementation in a variety of different environments and under different conditions • Develop implementation reports to draw recommendations for the update of the ISSC-MAP. • Provide case studies to enhance the ISSC-MAPs internat. Profile. • Find ways to link the ISSC-MAP to existing standards/frameworks.

16. Challenges for implementation of the ISSC-MAP • Stakeholder awareness of issues, perception of need • Stakeholder buy-in  PROCESS • Confusion among various standards • Credibility of standard overseers • Accountability of participants in standards • Willingness of industry and consumers to support additional costs

17. Who benefits from a widely accepted, credible standard? • Industry level playing field with known rules • Resource managers guidelines for MAP protection, harvest, and monitoring • Collectors insurance against resource and market failures • Consumers reliability of claims about ecological sustainability and fair trade • Species and habitats maintain biodiversity

18. ISSC-MAP Project website: www.floraweb.de/map-pro Decision Board: Danna J. Leaman (IUCN-SSC Medicinal Plant Specialist Group) (MPSG) Susanne Honnef (WWF Germany and TRAFFIC) Uwe Schippmann (German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation) Giridhar A. Kinhal (Foundation for the Revitalization of Local Health Traditions, India) Rainer Bächi (Institute for Market Ecology IMO, Switzerland) Josef Brinckmann (Traditional Medicinals Inc., USA) Ximena Buitrón Cisneros (IUCN MPSG) Secretariat: Britta Pätzold, Susanne Honnef (WWF Germany and TRAFFIC)