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Understanding the Excretory System: Maintaining Internal Balance and Waste Removal

Explore the functions and anatomy of the excretory system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Learn about nephrons, blood supply to the kidneys, and the important role of renal corpuscles in filtration. Discover how this system regulates body fluids, removes waste, and influences blood pressure and RBC formation.

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Understanding the Excretory System: Maintaining Internal Balance and Waste Removal

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  1. THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM Controlling the Internal Environment

  2. HW #3-14 • Read pages 275 – 279 (middle) 1. What are the 3 water compartments in the body? 2. What are the jobs of your kidneys? 3. What is the most important waste excreted by the kidneys?

  3. HW #3-15 • Read page 279(middle) – 285 (middle) • 1. How does a protist excrete wastes? An earthworm? • 2. What is the function of each of these organs: kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra? • 3. What do the nephrons do?

  4. Gross Anatomy of System • Two kidneys • Two ureters • Urinary bladder • Urethra

  5. Gross Anatomy

  6. Location of Kidneys -Retroperitoneal

  7. Human Excretory System

  8. The Kidney Papilla Pyramid Cortex Medulla Hilum Column Calyx Pelvis Ureter

  9. Functions of Excretory System • Regulate body fluids • Volume, pH, composition • Remove metabolic wastes from blood • Control rate of Red Blood Cell (RBC) formation • Regulate blood pressure • Regulate absorption of calcium

  10. Nephron PCT Bowman’s capsule DCT Vasa recti Glomerulus Ascending tubule Descending Tubule Collecting duct

  11. The Blood Supply to the Kidney

  12. Renal Corpuscle

  13. Renal Corpuscle

  14. Renal Corpuscle

  15. Function of Renal Corpuscle • Bowman’s capsule • Glomerulus • Filtration of blood • Water • Electrolytes • Glucose • Urea

  16. Nephron

  17. Function of Tubules • Reabsorption of glucose • Proximal convoluted tubule • Reabsorption of water • PCT, descending tubule, collecting duct • Reabsorption of salts • PCT, ascending tubule, distal con. tub. • Reabsorption of urea • PCT, collecting duct

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