The Periodic Table

2. The Periodic Table • All of the matter in the universe is made up of the 118 elements on the Periodic Table.

3. The Periodic Table We group these elements in many different ways. • There are “blocks” of elements that all have similarities. • There are also “periods” of elements that are in the same horizontal row.

4. The Periodic Table • “Groups” are also made out of the vertical columns. These elements are very similar.

5. The Periodic Table • The last way we can group the elements is in to families. • We are going to focus on these families because they group together the elements with the most similar characteristics. Looking at the family will tell you the most information about an element. Family! Just like the members of a family have many similarities, the elements of a family on the Periodic Table have lots in common!

6. Color and Label Activity Please take out your copy of The Periodic Table. Label and Color along as we talk about each part. After you have colored and labeled the family on your Table, fill in the notes about each family’s characteristics on your “Families of the Periodic Table” worksheet.

7. The Periods • Start by numbering the periods on the Table. • The periods are the horizontal rows. Number them 1 through 7.

8. The Groups • Next, number the groups. The groups are the vertical columns. Number them 1 through 18. • Periods and Groups are an easy way to locate an element quickly.

9. Key • Start a key for your periodic table here or under your table: Every time we color a family, add it to your key. A key is the part of a map or diagram that gives you the information you need to read and understand it!

10. The Alkali Metals • The first family we will discuss is the Alkali Metals. Color them red on your Periodic Table. AlkaliMetals

11. The Alkali Metals • All of the alkali metals: • Are shiny and soft. • Are highly reactive with other elements. • Easily lose their outermost electron. • Can be cut easily. • In nature, are only found in salts - never by themselves. • The most abundant of which is Sodium, which is in the salt we add to our food! Did you know that sodium is a metal?

12. The Alkaline Earth Metals • Next, color and label the Alkaline Earth Metals. Color them green. Alkaline Earth Metals

13. The Alkaline Earth Metals • All of the Alkaline Earth Metals: • Are shiny and silvery-white. • Are somewhat reactive with other elements. • Easily lose their two outermost electrons. • Have low density, melting point, and boiling point.

14. The Transition Metals • Next, label the Transition Metals. Color them blue. Transition Metals

15. The Transition Metals • All of the Transition Metals: • Are malleable and ductile. • Are very good conductors of heat and electricity • Are very dense. • Have a high boiling point and a high melting point. • Other than the metals in group 12 – they have a lower boiling and melting point than the others. They are liquid at room temperature.

16. The Other Metals • Now, label the Other Metals. Color them purple. The Other Metals

17. The Other Metals • The Other Metals: • Are the metals that don’t share characteristics with any other family of metals. • Are also malleable and ductile. • Have a semi-high density. • Are opaque. • Are solid at room temperature.

18. The Metalloids • Now, label the Metalloids. Color them orange. The Metalloids

19. The Metalloids • The Metalloids: • Are the elements in between the metals and the non-metals. • Share similarities with both metals and non-metals. • Most are semi-conductors.

20. The Non-Metals • Now, label the Non-Metals. Color them pink. The Non-Metals

21. The Non-Metals • All of the Non-Metals: • Do not conduct heat or electricity well. • Are very brittle. • Some are gases, like Oxygen. • Some are solids, like Carbon. • Have no luster and reflect no light.

22. The Halogens • Next, label the Halogens. Color them light blue. The Halogens

23. The Halogens • All of the Halogens: • Are non-metallic. • Are toxic. • Are highly reactive. • Occur in solids, liquids, and gases at room temperature.

24. The Noble Gases • Next, label the Noble Gases. Color them gray. The Noble Gases

25. The Noble Gases • All of the Noble Gases: • Almost never react with any other element. • Have full outer shells. • Are very stable. • Are all gases. • Are odorless and colorless. • Have low melting and boiling points.

26. The Rare Earth Elements • Lastly, label the Rare Earth Elements. Color them light green. The Rare Earth Elements

27. The Rare Earth Elements • All of the Rare Earth Elements: • Are referred to as the lanthanide and actinide series. • Are mostly synthetic (man-made). • Are a part of group 3 on the Periodic Table. • Are metals. • And are sometimes called “Rare Earth Metals” instead of Rare Earth Elements.

28. The End!