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Prehistory: Beginning of Farming. Coach Parrish Chapter 1, Section 2 Oxford Middle School. Earliest Human Culture. Stone Age – time period during which early humans made lasting tools and weapons mainly from stone. Sometimes, tools and weapons were made from wood or animal bones.
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Prehistory:Beginning of Farming Coach Parrish Chapter 1, Section 2 Oxford Middle School
Earliest Human Culture • Stone Age – time period during which early humans made lasting tools and weapons mainly from stone. • Sometimes, tools and weapons were made from wood or animal bones. • The Stone Age ended when people began using metal such as copper for tools and weapons.
Fire! • Why was fire important? • Allowed people to move into colder climates • Warded off dangerous animals • Used for cooking foods and for staying warm
Settling New Areas • Once humans had better tools and fire, they began to leave their homes. • Nomads – people who have no settled home. • Nomads moved until they found food. Once the food was gone, they moved on.
The Beginning of Farming • Farming began when people in Southwest Asia learned how to plant wild grass seed and other vegetables. • Farming caused people to enter the New Stone Age. • New Stone Age – when people began growing their own food.
Early Farmers • In most societies, women were responsible for gathering plants and seed. • Men were responsible for the hunting. • Farming caused the nomadic way of life to end.
Farming Around the World • Fertile – rich in the substances that plants need to grow. • Who planted what first? • Chinese farmers – first to plant rice. • Central American farmers – first to grow corn, beans, and squash.
Plant Selection • Plants looked very differently than they do now. • People chose the biggest, best-tasting crops to plant. In doing so, they began to domesticate plants. • Domesticate – adapt wild plants for human use.
Raising Animals • During the New Stone Age, people began to tame or domesticate wild animals. • Dogs were the first animal to be domesticated. Eventually camels, horses, and donkeys were tamed to transport goods.
Challenge of Domestication • Throughout history, many types of animals have failed to be domesticated. Most large species have never been tamed. WHY?? • Some exceptions: • India – tamed elephants for battle • Assyrians and Egyptians – tamed cheetahs for hunting
