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Behavior

Introduction to Organizational. Behavior. Dr. Ami Divatia. What is Organizational Behavior Characteristics of Organizational Behavior Why study Organizational Behavior The Human Equation Challenges in Managing The New Paradigm Hawthorne Studies and Research in O.B.

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Behavior

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  1. Introduction to Organizational Behavior Dr. Ami Divatia

  2. What is Organizational Behavior • Characteristics of Organizational Behavior • Why study Organizational Behavior • The Human Equation • Challenges in Managing • The New Paradigm • Hawthorne Studies and Research in O.B.

  3. What are Organizations? Groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose • Structured patterns of interaction • Coordinated tasks • Work toward some purpose

  4. Organizational Behavior The study of individual behavior and group dynamics in organizations Understand Predict Manage

  5. DefiningOrganizational Behavior (Continued)

  6. Organizational Level Group Level Individual Level Levels of Analysis e.g., Selection Systems e.g., Groupthink e.g., Personality

  7. Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field

  8. Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d)

  9. Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d)

  10. Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d)

  11. Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (cont’d)

  12. Theoretical Frameworks for O.B. • Cognitive Framework • Personality • Satisfaction, Commitment and Absenteeism Model • Attraction- Selection-Attrition Model • Behavioristic Framework • Pavlov’s Dogs • Environmental Contingencies • Social Cognitive Framework • Allows for more complexities • More accepted framework

  13. What is Organizational Behavior • Characteristics of Organizational Behavior • Why study Organizational Behavior • The Human Equation • Challenges in Managing • The New Paradigm • Hawthorne Studies and Research in O.B.

  14. There Are Few Absolutes in OB ContingencyVariables x y

  15. Open Systems View of Organization Task environment: Competitors Unions Regulatory agencies Clients Structure Inputs: Material Capital Human Outputs: Products Services Task Technology People (Actors) Organizational Boundary

  16. What is Organizational Behavior • Characteristics of Organizational Behavior • Why study Organizational Behavior • The Human Equation • Challenges in Managing • The New Paradigm • Hawthorne Studies and Research in O.B.

  17. Why Study Org Behavior? • Competitive advantage of an organization today is represented by: • Human resource of an organization and how they are managed. • Widely recognized as human capital, social capital and positive psychological capital.

  18. The Challenges Facing Management The academic field of organizational behavior has been around for at least the past thirty years. Problems facing managers of human organization have been around since the beginning of civilization.

  19. The ChallengesFacing Management Although the problems with human organizations and the solutions over the ages have not really changed that much, the emphasis and surrounding environmental context certainly have. This new environment is disruptive, discontinuous change. It represents a new paradigm, a new way of thinking about the workplace.

  20. Undergoing a Paradigm Shift A paradigm simply establishes the rules (written or unwritten), defines the boundaries, and tells one how to behave within the boundaries to be successful. For today’s and tomorrow’s organizations and management, there are new rules with different boundaries requiring new and different behaviors. There is considerable resistance to change and why it is very difficult to move from the old management paradigm to the new.

  21. What is Organizational Behavior • Characteristics of Organizational Behavior • Why study Organizational Behavior • The Human Equation • Challenges in Managing • The New Paradigm • Hawthorne Studies and Research in O.B.

  22. Formal vs. Informal Organization Formal Organization -the official, legitimate, and most visible part of the system Informal Organization -the unofficial and less visible part of the system Hawthorne Studies: studies conducted during the 1920’s and 1930’s that discovered the existence of the informal organization

  23. The Hawthorne Studies The Illumination Studies: A Serendipitous Discovery Subsequent Phases of the Hawthorne Studies Implications of the Hawthorne Studies THE HAWTHORNE EFFECT Small group Type of supervision Earnings Novelty of the situation Interest in the experiment Attention received in the test room

  24. Questions ?

  25. Review What is a paradigm? What are some areas that have influenced the study of Org Behavior? What are some concepts studied in Org Behavior? Why should a manager know about this domain of knowledge? Contrast formal versus informal organization

  26. Review What happened in the Hawthorne Studies? Why are they so important and what did we learn from them? Describe 3 challenges facing managers today; why are they considered “challenges”?

  27. References Luthans, F. “Organizational Behaviour”, Irwin McGraw-Hill, Boston, 1998. Pareek, U. “Understanding Organizational Behaviour”, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2008. Stephen P. Robbins

  28. Thank You!

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