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The End of Spanish Rule

The End of Spanish Rule. Chapter 6. Chapter 6 Vocabulary. 1. lariat - A rope used to lasso cattle. 2. liberation - Setting something free. 3. grito - A call for independence. 4. republic - Another word for democracy. 5. vaquero - Spanish word for Cowboy.

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The End of Spanish Rule

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  1. The End of Spanish Rule Chapter 6

  2. Chapter 6 Vocabulary 1. lariat - A rope used to lasso cattle 2. liberation - Setting something free 3. grito - A call for independence 4. republic - Another word for democracy 5. vaquero - Spanish word for Cowboy 6. filibuster - An adventurer. 7. alliance - An agreement to work together 8. chaps - Leather leggings 9. smuggler - One who illegally imports or exports 10. mustanger - Someone who catches mustangs

  3. Spain Acquires Louisiana (pages 138–139) A. Spain acquired all French land west of the Mississippi under the Treaty of Paris of 1763 as a result of Great Britain’s victory over France in the “French and Indian War” B. Spanish authorities questioned the need for presidios and missions. II. Spain Closes East Texas Missions (page 139) A. Spain could not afford to maintain and defend the missions. B. In 1773 the new Spanish governor of Texas closed the four missions in East Texas and ordered the settlers to move to San Antonio.

  4. III. Nacogdoches Founded (pages 139–140) A. In 1779 Gil Ybarbo led settlers back into East Texas. B. They built the town of Nacogdoches near an abandoned mission, isolated from Spain. THERE SOCIETY DEVELOPED INDEPENDENTLY WITH OUT SPANISH CONTROL because Nacogdoches was so far East. IV. Settlers Face Many Dangers (page 140) A. Conflict with Apaches and Comanches prevented colonization. B. In the 1790s Spain ended government funding of missions.

  5. V. Spain Helps the American Colonists in the American Revolution (pages 140–141) A. Spain and France supported colonists in the American Revolution. B. The Spanish governor opened the port of New Orleans to American ships and supplied weapons, clothing, money, and medical supplies to the American troops. C. Spanish efforts kept New Orleans and the lower Mississippi Valley out of British hands. D. British and American leaders signed a treaty (TREATY OF PARIS) in 1783 recognizing the U.S. as an independent nation.

  6. VI. The United States Buys Louisiana (page 141) A. In 1800 Spain was forced to return Louisiana to France, and three years later the United States bought the Louisiana Territory for $15 million, which doubled the size of the United States. B. After the purchase of Louisiana, Anglos pushed across the Mississippi River toward Spanish-held Texas. VII. Disputes About Boundaries (pages 141–142) A. The United States and Spain disputed the boundary between Texas and Louisiana.

  7. B. Troop commanders from the United States and Spain compromised. Neither would occupy the area between the Sabine River and the Arroyo Hondo-Calcasier, establishing the Neutral Ground. C. In 1819 the two countries signed the Adams–Onís Treaty settling the border dispute. PROVISIONS OF THE ADAMS-ONIS TREATY D. The United States surrendered claims to Texas; the Spanish agreed to the Sabine River as the eastern boundary of Texas and gave the United States Florida.

  8. VIII. Americans Migrate to Texas (page 142) A. Those who migrated to Texas were farmers, traders, and filibusters. B. Philip Nolan, who was a filibuster, was suspected of being a spy. The Spanish ordered him not to return to Texas. C. In 1800 Nolan and 27 others returned to Texas, but in 1801 the Spanish captured them after a fight in which Nolan was killed.

  9. Spain aquires Lousiana after this war • This Settlement developed independently from Spain • What treaty with Britian gave recognition to U.S. • The land U.S. purchsed from France for 15 million • The Treaty U.S. signed with Spain to settle boarder dispute • Adams-Onis b. Treaty of Paris c. Nacogdoches d. Louisana • c. French and Indian 6. Because Nacogdoches was located deep in the Piney Woods, the settlers A. developed a more independent C. were under the control of the way of life Spaniards. B. feared the Comanches. D. experienced crop failures and smallpox epidemics. 7. Marqués de Rubí recommended all of the following actions EXCEPT that A. 15 forts be built across C. East Texans move closer to northern Mexico. San Antonio. B. Spain form an alliance with D. Spain abandon its missions in Texas, the Apaches. except San Antonio and Goliad.

  10. 8. East Texans were reluctant to go to San Antonio because the land A. offered little protection from C. was hot and dry and required the Comanches. irrigation for farming. B. was too far away. D. belonged to Mexico. 9. Neutral Ground A. became a haven for smugglers. C. suffered a smallpox epidemic. B. belonged to Spain. D. was governed by the U.S. 10. New Orleans was kept out of British hands as the result of the efforts of A. France. C. Canada. B. Spain. D. Mexico.

  11. I. Hidalgo Calls for Independence (pages 144–145) A. On September 16, 1810, Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla called for Mexico’s freedom from Spain. “Grito” B. Hidalgo and his followers believed that the people of Mexico should govern themselves. All these best jobs went to the rich from Spain and excessive taxes hurt the poor C. Hidalgo’s forces failed to capture Mexico City. Many of these followers were executed or imprisoned.

  12. II. Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition (pages 145–146) A. Bernardo Gutiérrez de Lara, one of Hidalgo’s supporters, recruited soldiers to invade Texas to free it from Spanish rule. They were called the Republican Army of the North. He also got the help of an ex-West Point flunky named Agustus Magee. B. The Republican Army captured Nacogdoches and Goliad. C. Spanish officials surrendered San Antonio, and the Republican Army declared Texas a state separate from Spain.

  13. III. Disagreements and Defeats (page 146) A. Americans wanted a republic, but the Mexicans wanted a government with appointed officials. B. Americans wanted independence from Mexico, but Mexicans wanted Texas to remain part of Mexico. Because of their discourse the Americans left for U.S. C. The Spanish defeated the Republican Army in 1813 by General Arendondo D. Most of the Republican Army troops died on the battlefield, and many survivors were executed after surrendering.

  14. IV. Revolutionaries and Pirates (pages 146–147) A. Texas revolutionaries continued their activities in Louisiana and along the Gulf Coast. B. Revolutionaries secured the aid of French pirates Louis-Michel Aury and Jean Laffite. C. Laffite was more interested in capturing Spanish vessels for their cargo than fighting for Mexican independence. Laffite later would help the U.S. fight the British in the War of 1812 and then be pardoned by President James Madison. V. Spain Exiles French Colonists (pages 147–148) A. French colonists tried to settle on the Trinity River.

  15. B. Lallemand built a fort and settlement, but the Spanish governor ordered the colonists to leave in 1818 and the colony was abandoned. VI. James Long Invades Texas (page 148) A. James Long, a filibuster, was angry that the United States surrendered claim to Texas. B. Long led a force of rebels and captured Nacogdoches. Long and his followers claimed that Texas was free and independent, and he was elected president. C. While Long was in Galveston seeking Laffite’s aid, Spanish troops defeated Long’s forces in East Texas.

  16. D. Long recruited more troops and captured Goliad, but they were surrounded by the Spanish troops and surrendered. E. Long was killed during the attack. Section 2 Quiz • who was the French pirate who helped Revolutionaries against Spain • What is the Spanish word for “Call for Freedom”? • Who was the American filibuster who was angry over the Compromise of 1850 and killed at Goliad. • Who was the French colonist who tried to build a colony in Spanish Texas? • Who was the Spanish General who defeated the Republican Army of the North. • a. Lafitte b. Long c. Grito d. Lallemand e. Arendondo

  17. 6. The Gutiérrez–Magee forces were called A. filibusters. C. Gutiérrez–Magee Raiders. B. mustangers. D. the Republican Army of the North. 7. Lallemand and his followers left their settlement on the Trinity River because A. General Arrendondo ordered C. the Spanish governor in Texas sent them to leave. troops against them. B. Louis Michel Aury attacked. D. they could not farm the land. 8. Laffite refused to help James Long because he A. had no troops. C. was a pirate. B. opposed Long’s ideas. D. said revolutionaries would not win. 9. Father Hidalgo’s cause for independence was doomed because A. de Casas seized San Antonio. C. his soldiers were inexperienced. B. Spanish troops captured and D. his forces failed to capture executed de Casas. Mexico City. 10. The Republican Army of the North included all of the following EXCEPT A. Spaniards. C. Native Americans. B. Tejanos. D. Anglo Americans.

  18. Lesson 6-3 I. Texas at the End of Spain’s Rule (pages 150–151) A. When Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1832, Texas was part of the new country. B. San Antonio, Goliad, and Nacogdoches were the only settlements in the interior of Texas. C. San Antonio, the capital, had 2,000 people, and Goliad and Nacogdoches had been mostly abandoned. D. A few settlements existed along Texas’s borders. E. Laredo, on the lower Rio Grande, was a ranching center, and some settlers lived in Ysleta.

  19. F. Some Anglo Americans from Arkansas had settled along the Red River in northern Texas. G. Large stretches of northern and western Texas lay unoccupied or controlled by Native Americans. II. Spanish Neglect (pages 151–152) A. Few Spanish settlers came to Texas because there was no gold, land was more fertile elsewhere, and Native Americans were unfriendly or indifferent. B. Mexico City offered universities, artists, and physicians, and it was renowned for its advances in law politics, military, and the church.

  20. C. Ambitious men moved to the more sophisticated and developed Mexico City, which claimed all the comforts of civilized societies D. Spanish authorities neglected the province of Texas, where food supplies for troops and maintenance funds were low. III. Spanish Legacy (page 153) A. Spanish influence in Texas includes mapping and exploring the territory made by Native Americans and giving places Spanish names. B. Spaniards laid out the first roads. The best known was El Camino Real, or King’s Highway, later known as Old San Antonio Road.

  21. C. Another road was the Atascocita Road connecting Texas to Louisiana. D. Spanish settlers brought horses, cattle, sheep, and pigs to the area. E. Texans adopted Spanish ranching methods and special terms, such as lariat and chaps. F. Texas settlers adapted these customs, forming the beginning of Tejano culture. G. Many Spanish settlers remained in Texas after it achieved independence, and others immigrated from Mexico later.

  22. Please do the following: 1. Label: a. Canada b. Missouri Territory c. United States d. New Mexico e. Oregon Territory f. Texas g. Arkansas Territory (Ark. Terr.) h. Boundary Set by the Treaty of 1819 i. Upper California j. Mexico k. Cuba l. Mississippi River m. Arkansas River n. Red River o. Rio Grande 2. Then Shade: Canada Green United States Yellow Louisiana Purchase (Stripped) Blue Mexico Orange 3. Then Trace the Treaty of 1819 in Red Pen or pencil

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