Chapter 14- Lifestyle Diseases

1. Chapter 14- Lifestyle Diseases Section 1- Lifestyle and Lifestyle Diseases Section 2- Cardiovascular Diseases Section 3- Cancer Section 4- Living with Diabetes

2. Objectives At the end of this lesson, you will be able to��� Describe how lifestyle can lead to disease. Know the difference between controllable risk factors and uncontrollable risk factors. Apply two actions they can do to lower their risk for developing a lifestyle disease later in life.

3. Lifestyle Diseases Lifestyle diseases are diseases that are caused partly by unhealthy behaviors and partly by other factors. Examples: atherosclerosis, heart disease, stroke, Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, many forms of cancer These diseases are the top causes of death in the United States

4. Risk Factor When determining if a person might develop a disease, a doctor looks at a person�s risk factors. A risk factor is anything that increases the likelihood of injury, disease, or other health problems. Controllable and uncontrollable risk factors

5. What Causes Lifestyle Diseases? Certain habits, behaviors, and practices such as poor eating habits, inactivity, or smoking Factors that we cannot control such as age, gender, and heredity

6. Controllable Risk Factors These include habits, behaviors, and practices that we can change Examples: Your diet and body weight Your daily levels of physical activity Your level of sun exposure Smoking and alcohol abuse

7. Uncontrollable Risk Factors Some risk factors that contribute to your chances of developing a lifestyle disease are out of your control. Examples: Age Gender Ethnicity Heredity

8. Terms Acute- A disease that lasts for a short period of time. Examples: flu, cold, strep throat. Chronic- A disease that persists for a long time. Health damaging behaviors - particularly tobacco use, lack of physical activity, and poor eating habits - are major contributors to the leading chronic diseases.

9. What is a lifestyle disease? A disease that develops partly from your lifestyle and partly by other factors What things cause lifestyle diseases? Smoking, tanning, unhealthy diet, overweight What are the four controllable risk factors? Sun exposure, activity level, diet, smoking/alcohol abuse

10. What are the four uncontrollable risk factors? Age, heredity, gender, ethnicity What does acute mean? Short term illness What does chronic mean? Long term illness

11. Diseases Family Tree Assignment You will create a family tree of diseases. Please include as many family members as possible. You will be responsible for drawing a web of family members and listing any diseases they had under their name. Due Date: Monday, November 8th This assignment is worth 15 points.

12. Chapter 14 Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases

13. Objectives At the end of this lesson, you will be able to��� Summarize how one�s lifestyle can contribute to cardiovascular disease Describe four types of cardiovascular diseases Identify ways you can lower your risk for cardiovascular diseases

14. Cardiovascular Diseases Your heart and blood vessels make up your cardiovascular system. The diseases that result from damage to your heart and blood vessels are called cardiovascular diseases. Aka CVDs Types of CVDs: heart attack, stroke, atherosclerosis, and high blood pressure.

15. Risk Factors Certain factors greatly increase your risk of developing a cardiovascular disease, these factors include: Smoking Being overweight High blood pressure High blood cholesterol Diabetes

16. Types of Cardiovascular Diseases Stroke High Blood Pressure Heart Attack Atherosclerosis

17. Stroke Sudden attacks of weakness or paralysis (loss of muscle function) that occur when blood flow to an area of the brain is interrupted. Affects the arteries leading to and within the brain Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States, behind diseases of the heart and cancer

18. High Blood Pressure The force that blood exerts against the inside walls of a blood vessel. When blood pressure is too high, it puts extra strain on the walls of the vessels and on the heart. Many people do not know their blood pressure is high until they have a heart attack or stroke.

19. Blood Pressure Blood pressure is expressed as two numbers Systolic pressure- pressure found in the arteries while the heart muscles are contracting Diastolic pressure- pressure of the blood as it continues to flow through the arteries between heart beats Normal blood pressure falls between 80/50 and 130/85 mm Hg Blood pressure over 140/90 is considered high

20. Heart Attack �A heart attack is when blood vessels that supply blood to the heart are blocked, preventing enough oxygen from getting to the heart. The heart muscle dies or becomes permanently damaged. Most heart attacks are caused by a blood clot that blocks one of the coronary arteries. The coronary arteries bring blood and oxygen to the heart. If the blood flow is blocked, the heart starves for oxygen and heart cells die.�

21. Atherosclerosis This disease is categorized by the buildup of fatty materials on the inside walls of the arteries It is dangerous for 2 reasons: 1. It can reduce or stop blood flow to certain parts of the body 2. These deposits can break free and release clots into the bloodstream

22. Detecting CVD Check blood pressure Electrocardiogram Ultrasound Angiography

23. Treating CVD Diet and exercise Medicines Surgery Angioplasty Pacemakers Transplants

24. Preventing CVD Limit consumption of fat and salt Keep your weight near recommended levels Don�t smoke Get moving Have your blood pressure and cholesterol checked regularly Relax

25. Turn to page 344 You are going to write a brief description of each cardiovascular disease described. You are teaching this material to elementary school children. How would you write it so they understand the four different CVDs? Be creative!

26. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGEefEj3pmw&feature=related

27. Chapter 14 Section 3 Cancer

28. Cancer Cancer- a disease caused by uncontrolled cell growth More than one million people in the United States are diagnosed with cancer every year. Cancer is the second leading cause of death Cancer is more common in adults, but teens can get some forms of cancer.

29. What is Cancer? Cancer occurs when cells begin to grow and multiply in an uncontrolled way Normal body cells grow and divide over a period of time until they eventually die But cancer cells continue to grow and divide and grow and divide Eventually they gather to form tumors

30. Tumors Tumors are lumps that can interfere with the body�s normal processes Malignant tumor is a mass of cells that invades and destroys healthy tissue When a tumor spreads to the surrounding tissues, it eventually damages vital organs Benign tumor is an abnormal, but usually harmless cell mass

31. Cancer Cells Cancer cells are very destructive to the body, they tear through and crush neighboring tissues, strangle blood vessels, and take nutrients that are needed by healthy cells. Cells can travel, this is called metastasis.

32. What Causes Cancer? Genetics Carcinogens: Certain viruses (HPV) Radioactive and ultraviolet radiation Chemicals found in tobacco smoke Asbestos

33. Types of Cancer Breast, prostate, respiratory, colon, urinary, lymphoma, skin, leukemia, ovarian, nervous system, cervical There are over 100 different types of cancer

34. How do people know if they have cancer? Extreme exhaustion Swelling or lumps in certain parts of the body Headaches Blurred vision Nausea Problems with walking or balance More infections Unusual bleeding

35. Detecting Cancer Self-exams Biopsy X rays MRI Blood and DNA tests

36. Treating Cancer Surgery- an operation can remove some tumors Chemotherapy- use of drugs to destroy cancer cells Radiation therapy- a beam of radiation is fired at the tumor from outside the body Often doctors recommend a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation

37. The success of any treatment depends on the type of cancer, how long the tumor has been growing, and whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body How can you help a person who has cancer?