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Social Perception

Social Perception. Social Perception. Social Perception How we form impressions (of people) and make inferences (about people) Perception is imperfect Need to fill-in-the-blanks. Implicit Personality Theories. Ways we fill in the missing pieces Nonverbal behavior

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Social Perception

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  1. Social Perception

  2. Social Perception • Social Perception • How we form impressions (of people) • and make inferences (about people) • Perception is imperfect • Need to fill-in-the-blanks

  3. Implicit Personality Theories • Ways we fill in the missing pieces • Nonverbal behavior (Universal recognition of 6 emotional expressions of anger, happiness, surprise, fear, disgust, sadness) • Implicit Personality Theories (Inferring feelings, traits, motives via “schemas” about types of people, including cultural schemas) • Halo Effect (If we consider someone good (or bad), we are likely to make similar evaluations with other aspects of the person) • “What is beautiful is good” (If we consider someone beautiful, we are likely to believe they have other positive qualities)

  4. GOAL: Seeking accuracy Basic desire to avoid mistakes Want to control outcomes in life • Accuracy Strategies: • Kelly’s covariation model • Discounting principle • Augmenting principle

  5. Attributional Processes • Covariation model -people determine the cause of an actor’s behavior by assessing • Consensus- how other people behave toward same stimulus • Distinctiveness– how the person responds to other stimuli • Consistency– frequency of person-stimulus across time and situations

  6. Why does Jack want to marry Jill?

  7. Internal Attribution(Jack is Desperate) Consensus is Low(Others aren’t interested in Jill) Distinctiveness is Low(Jack will marry anyone) Consistency is High(Jack’s proposed every day this week)

  8. External Attribution(Jill is desirable) Consensus is High(Everyone wants to marry Jill) Distinctiveness is High(Jack wants only Jill) Consistency is High(Jack’s proposed every day this week).

  9. Interaction Attribution(Jack and Jill have that special magic) Consensus is Low(Others aren’t interested in Jill) Distinctiveness is High(Jack wants only Jill) Consistency is High(Jack’s proposed every day this week).

  10. Attributional Logic: • Discounting principle -as the number of possible causes for an event increases, our confidence that any particular cause is the true one decreases • Example: If a guy gives a girl flowers, what could be the cause? • Augmenting principle -if an event occurs despite the presence of strong opposing forces, we give more weight to factors that lead towards the event • Example: If a guy gives a girl flowers, we are more likely to think he really likes her if he had to walk through a rainstorm to get them.

  11. GOAL: Managing self-image Want to control outcomes in life Basic desire to avoid mistakes • Self-image Strategies: • Self-serving attributions

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