New college English

1. New collegeEnglish Book One

2. Unit Eight Romantic Stories

3. I Preparation II Reading Activities IV Translation & Writing III Further Development Unit Eight

4. Part I Preparation 1. Group Discussion ---- What Contributes Most to a Long and Happy Marriage?

5. Activity 1Group Discussion —What contributes most to a long and happy marriage? Directions: Work in groups to put the following elements in order according to their importance in making a long and happy marriage. Explain your answer to your group. • Physical attraction • Similar sense of humor • Abilities to go through bad times together • Similar interests • Being able to talk to each other • Similar social background • Having enough money • Being in love

6. Sample Answer 1 I think being in love is the most important factor. If you don’t love each other, you won’t have a long and happy marriage even if you have a lot of money. I don’t think it is love when you are together only because of physical attraction. Similar sense of humor, similar interests and being able to talk to each other are not enough to make a happy marriage. They are only enough to make good friends.

7. Sample Answer 2 I believe that abilities to go through bad times together are most important. Being in love is too abstract. You know you are in love today, but who knows what will happen tomorrow. Life is not always full of flowers and songs. There must be hardships, too. Only during bad times can you find out who really loves you.

8. Part II Reading Activities 1. Pre-reading Questions 2. Text Organization 3. Sentence Study 4. Words & Phrases

9. A True Love Story Pre-reading Questions

10. Pre-reading Questions Discuss the following questions in pairs. 1) Do you have pen pals? Do you think having pen pals is a good idea? 2) What do you write about with your pen pals or what do you think people write about with their pen pals?

11. Sample Answer1 Yes, I have pen pals. I think having pen pals will do us good. In the first place, it gives us a chance to practice our Chinese or English. In the second place, you can write about almost anything to your pen pal. Because pen pals are usually far away from your life circle, you feel at ease to let them know everything that happens to you. You can tell them the secrets that you don’t want to share with your classmates or roommates. We usually write about our lives, especially about our studies. We also write about our dreams, such as what we want to do in the future. We also let each other know what is troubling us and ask each other for advice.

12. Sample Answer2 No, I don’t have any online pal. I don’t think it’s necessary to have them. For one thing, it’s a waste of time to talk to the strangers online. If you have any trouble, you may talk with your classmates. This saves more time than talking online. For another, online pals are far away from you, they don’t share the same experiences with you. What you talk by enthusiastically hitting the keyboard of your PC may mean nothing to them. They won’t be as interested in the thing as you are. Moreover, quite a few so-called online pals could not be completely trusted since the cyberspace is, to some extent, full of deceit.

13. A True Love Story Text Organization

14. Text Organization Para. 1 One of the most famous love stories in history. Para. 2-3 Their lives before they knew each other. Para. 4-6 How they met and fell in love with each other. Para. 7 Their life together.

15. Sentence Study

16. Sentence Study 1. This love story is famous for its purity, its poetry, and its passion. (Line 3) He studied Greek, read a great deal, and wrote poetry at a very young age. （Line 24） 【语法】 【注意】被连接的词应该是同类词或同类成分。如：名词对名词，副词对副词，分词对分词。不能把其中一个概念用一种词类或语法成分表达，而另外一个或几个概念用其他词类或语法成分表达。

17. The patient’s symptoms were fever, dizziness, and his head hurt.(误) • The patient’s symptoms were fever, dizziness, and headache.(正) • They are looking for a house that has four bedrooms and sitting on a hillside.(误) • They are looking for a house that has four bedrooms and that sits on a hillside.(正)

18. Sentence Study 2. But most of all, it is famous because their romance took place primarily by mail. (Line 4) 【句型】 most of all …“最主要的” 常用于句首，或作插入语。 相似的表达还有：first of all Most of all, we can transform technology into productivity as quickly as possible.

19. 【对比】so that 和 so … that Sentence Study 3.He was so surprised and pleased that he decided to write her a letter. (Line 33) 【语法】 so that 连在一起，往往引导目的状语从句， 可译为“以便，为的是”。 【例句】 His heart beat so fast that he could hardly breathe.

20. Sentence Study 4. A week later, without telling Elizabeth’s father, the happy couple eloped to Italy. (Line 55) 【句型】 without telling这一介词短语在句中作条件状语，表示“在没有告知······的情况下”。用介词短语作状语，可以使句子简洁明了。 【例句】 How can you leave me so quickly without saying good-bye?

21. Words & Phrases

22. Words & Phrases passion(Line 4, Para. 1) 1. n. a strong, deep, often uncontrollable feeling 强烈的感情，激情 【例句】 His passion for collecting ancient coins made him blind to everything else.

23. Words & Phrases 2. admire(Line 21, Para. 2) vt. look at with pleasure or satisfaction; have a high regard for 赞赏；钦佩；羡慕 名词形式：admiration 【例句】 Both colleagues and fans admire the working capacity of Mr. Chen Zhonghe,the head coach of Chinese women’s volleyball team, very much.

24. Words & Phrases 3. struggle(Line 27, Para. 3) vi. fight; make great efforts 抗争；奋斗；斗争；努力；挣扎 n. struggling; contest 斗争；奋斗 【例句】 We should struggle for the realization of the peaceful reunification across the Taiwan Straits.

25. Words & Phrases 4. correspondence(Line 37, Para. 5) n. 1) the act of exchanging letters 通信，通信联系 2) agreement, similarity 符合，一致；相称 【例句】 “Tell It Like It Is”, a popular talk show program of CCTV, has a great deal of correspondence from audience to deal with every day.

26. Words & Phrases 5. intellectually(Line 42, Para. 5) adv. from a rational, not an emotional point of view; in a way that needs serious thought 智力方面，思维方面 intellectualadj. of or relating to the intellect; rational 智力的；需用智慧的 【例句】 Intellectually speaking, the incident is very stimulating.

27. Words & Phrases 6. ceremony(Line 54, Para. 7) n. 典礼，仪式 【例句】 The grand wedding (marriage) ceremony between Diana Spencer and Charles, the prince of Wales,in 1981 left people with an unforgettable impression.

28. Part III Further Development Group Work ------Net Romance

29. Group Work Net Romance Directions: Read the following description of a real situation carefully. Jane is an 18-year-old college student. She often chats on the Internet when she has time. She came across Jerry in a chat room. They arranged to talk once or twice a week. In the beginning, their talk was formal and impersonal. They discussed their life and dreams. Jerry said that he was 24 and worked for a computer company. Jane found that she had a lot in common with Jerry. Slowly, their talk became more personal. One day, Jerry asked for Jane’s picture and said that he loved her. He said he would come to meet with Jane.

30. Group Work Net Romance Work in groups and discuss the following questions. • Could Jane trust Jerry and send him her picture? • Should Jane meet Jerry? • What do you think of net romance?

31. Sample Answer1 • You can never trust anyone on the Internet. I never chatted online. I think it is simply a waste of time. You can ger much more out of talking with people around you. People often lie online because they think they will never be found out. Of course Jane shouldn’t send Jerry her picture, let alone meet with him. He says he is 24 and works for a computer company. He might be 42 and rob banks for a living. It is too dangerous.

32. Sample Answer 2 • Yes and No. Yes, I think Jane should send Jerry her picture. No, I don’t think she should meet with him, at least not at this point. She could send him a picture and ask for his so that they will know more about each other. If they really love each other after that, they could arrange to meet.But if I were Jane, I would ask some of my friends to go with me.

33. Part IV Translation & Writing 1. Translation Skills 2. Writing Practice

34. Translation Skills 词义增补（2）—其他词类增添

35. Translation Skills 英汉两种语言，由于表达方式和语言结构的差异，翻译时既可能要将词类加以转换，又可能要在词量上加以增减。词义增补就是在翻译时按意义和句法上的需要在原文的基础上添加一些必要的词，使译文更加流畅，自然，它是译者有效处理译文的一种必要手段. 在英译汉的过程中，译者应该在必要时按意义上（或修辞上）和句法上的需要增加一些词来更忠实通顺地表达原文的思想内容。当然这里所说的增词不是无中生有地随意增词，而是增加原文中虽无其词而有其意的一些词。根据意义上或修辞上的需要，如何增加形容词、副词及量词的情况将在这里作重点介绍。

36. Translation Skills 1. 增加形容词或副词 为了增加译文的可读性，在名词前面可适当地增加形容词，在某些动词前可增加副词。 例如： 1) “This is grasping at straws, I know,” said the helpless man. “我知道，这是在抓救命稻草，”他无可奈何地说。 2) With the meeting to begin in just a couple of hours, I hadn't the time to worry about such trifles. 不出两三个小时会议就要开始，我没有闲工夫为这些琐事操心了。

37. Translation Skills 2. 增加量词 英语中数词(包括不定冠词)与可数名词往往直接连用，它们之间没有量词, 而汉语却需要借助量词，因此翻译时应根据汉语表达习惯恰当地增加表示形状、特征或材料的量词。在英译中的过程中，增加量词的现象十分普遍，即便在本单元的三篇阅读文章也出现不少范例。例如: 1) She even put his name in a poem that she wrote. 她甚至把他的名字写进她的一首诗里。 2) He was so surprised and pleased that he decided to write her a letter. 他惊喜万分，于是决定给她写一封信。

38. Translation Skills 3) We were going to meet and then drive down South where I've got a job promised me. 我们本来打算在这里汇合，然后开车到南方去，那里人家答应给我一份工作。 4) She was wearing a red flower on her suit, but it was not the little red rose they had agreed upon. 她穿着套装，衣服上佩着一朵红花，但不是他们约好的红玫瑰。 5) She was standing almost directly behind the girl, a woman well past 40, her graying hair under a worn hat. 她站在那姑娘的身后，几乎紧挨着她。那是一位有四十好几的妇女，一顶旧帽子遮盖了她的灰发。

39. Translation Skills 6) A young woman was coming toward him. 一位年轻女子朝他走来。 总之，在实际英汉翻译过程中，增译是非常重要的手段，译者应该掌握英汉语言词类用法的不同特征，根据语义需要和上下文要求，添补必要的词汇，使译文更加流畅、通顺。

40. Writing Practice Directions: In A True Love Story, Elizabeth and Robert spent very little time together before they married. They learned about each other primarily through their letters. What do you think of it? Please write a paragraph about your view on relationships that develop through letters.

41. Sample writing Of course it is better to know someone face to face. In A True Love Story, Elizabeth and Robert spent very little time together before they married because it was very difficult for them to do so. It was not because they thought it was a better way to know each other. Even though you could write to each other and even send each other pictures, it is still difficult to know a person very well. For example, you won't know exactly what the person looks like no matter how many pictures you have. I am always curious myself about what a person looks like. Besides, writing letters takes a lot of time. Meeting face to face is much more convenient. What's more, you could see a person's facial expressions if you meet face to face. In most cases you could tell, according to his facial expressions, whether he is telling the truth or not. Of course, writing letters has its advantages. For example, by writing letters one can express one's feelings more deeply or thoroughly. Letters are more romantic and poetic than face to face talk.

42. Thank You for Your Attention