Kimberly Gordon Policy Analyst, Duke University CFMC Meeting June 28-29, 2011

1. Kimberly Gordon Policy Analyst, Duke University CFMC Meeting June 28-29, 2011

2. FISHERIES LEADERSHIP & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM

3. OUTLINE • Major Workshop Outcomes • Data-Poor Approaches Recap • Ecological Risk Assessment (ERAEF) • Concept • Process • Lessons learned/words of wisdom • Resources

4. Exploring Tools for Improving Management of Data-Poor Stocks February 23-24, 2011 • Major Outcomes • Goals and Recommendations • Materials and Presentations • Final Report • Intention • Structure

5. DATA-POOR APPROACHES RECAP • 4 Innovative Data-Poor Approaches • Spawning Potential Ratio Decision Tree • Dr. Jeremy Prince • Marine Reserve-based Decision Tree • Jono Wilson • Ecological Risk Assessment For the Effects of Fishing • Ross Daley • Density Ratio Control Rule • Dr. Elizabeth Babcock

6. DATA-POOR APPROACHES RECAP

7. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing (ERAEF)

8. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing (ERAEF) • Developed by CSIRO in Australia • 4-Step Hierarchical Framework that provides a comprehensive risk assessment • Risk – the probability that a (specified) fishery management objective is not achieved (Hobday, 2011)

9. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing (ERAEF) • ERAEF Evaluates 5 Ecological Components: • Target Species • Byproduct and Bycatch Species • Threatened, Endangered and Protected (TEP) Species • Habitat • Ecological Communities

10. SCOPING LEVEL 1: Qualitative Risk Management Response $ Data Time Negligible, low risk Medium, high risk Data Time $$ LEVEL 2: Semi-quantitative DATA TIME $$$ Negligible, low risk Medium, high risk LEVEL 3: Quantitative Negligible, low risk Medium, high risk

11. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing SCOPING • Develop a profile of the fishery (sub-fishery) being assessed • Description of fishery • Units of Analysis • Management Objectives • Activities/Hazards

12. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing SCOPING • Description of fishery • General fishery characteristics • Gear • Issues • Management • Data • *Template available

13. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing SCOPING • Units of Analysis • Target Species • Byproduct/Bycatch • TEP Species • Habitat • Ecological Communities Species / Stocks Pelagic / Benthic Species Distribution & Biotic Elements

14. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing SCOPING • Management Objectives • Set management objectives for each sub-fishery for each component • Core Objectives • What are you trying to achieve? • Operational Objectives • What are your measureable endpoints?

15. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing SCOPING • Activities/Hazards • Absence/Presence for • Capture • Direct impact without capture • Addition of biological material • Addition of non biological material • Distribution of physical processes • External hazards • Activities/Hazards identified as present are analyzed at level 1 • *Template available

16. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing LEVEL 1 - SICA • Scale Intensity Consequence Analysis (SICA) • Identifies which activities/hazards lead to significant impact to any component • Rapid screening tool • Looks at “worst case” scenarios within each component

17. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing LEVEL 1 - SICA • Scale Intensity Consequence Analysis (SICA) • Exposure – Effects risk assessment • Scale • Intensity • Consequence • * Scoring guidelines & workbook available Exposure Effects

18. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing LEVEL 1 - SICA Scale Intensity Consequence Analysis (SICA) Consequence of Intensity Scoring Screened Out Level 2

19. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing LEVEL 2 - PSA • Productivity Susceptibility Analysis (PSA) • Comprehensive risk screening for all units within the ecological components • Productivity: The rate the unit can recover from fishing activities • Susceptibility: Susceptibility of the unit to fishing activities • *Excel workbook templates available

20. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing LEVEL 2 - PSA Productivity Susceptibility Analysis (PSA) Productivity Averaged to determine overall score

21. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing LEVEL 2 - PSA Productivity Susceptibility Analysis (PSA) Susceptibility Multiplied to determine overall score

22. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing LEVEL 2 - PSA

23. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing LEVEL 3 Fully Quantitative Assessment ERAEF process will provide guidance on appropriate methods for assessment

24. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing (ERAEF) So how does this actually work?

25. PROCESS DATA TIME ESTIMATES!!! ???? ? Days to weeks for each species 2 day workshop Two workshops (4-5 days each) 2-3 weeks or months 1 day/species -Working group & group leader -Identify fishery to evaluate *Revise worksheets/scoping documents -Plan process and timelines -Identify data gaps Basic fishery information -Stock structure – stock range (consensus map of fishery) -Existing data -Expert judgment/stakeholder input -Spatial, temporal, effort -Expert judgment/stakeholder input **Comprehensive database of the biological attributes for species -Gathering information and workshops -Scoping documents, checklists, worksheets -Workshops -Scoring guidelines and spreadsheets -Database -Workshops -Scoring guidelines and spreadsheets SCOPING LEVEL 1: Qualitative LEVEL 2: Semi-quantitative

26. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing BENEFITS of ERAEF: • Cost effective • Transparent & repeatable process • Clearly documented • Flexible • Precautionary • Comprehensive • Stakeholder engagement • Consensus building

27. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing LIMITATIONS of ERAEF • Precautionary approach can lead to false positives in level 2 - PSA • Level 2 – PSA usually focuses on fishing impacts • Level 2 – PSA also ignores some management measures in place to manage risk • Integration across fisheries/components

28. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing LESSONS LEARNED • Learning curve with the method • Clear documentation on the rationale behind scoring decisions in level 1 • Consult experts for initial guidance and training • Utilize independent consultant to lead the group • Decide up front what to do if you can’t reach consensus in scoping or level 1

29. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing LESSONS LEARNED • Incorporate a representative group of stakeholders in the process to build consensus • Good communication is key – keep everyone informed at every step • Set yourself up for success

30. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing LESSONS LEARNED • Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism • Spiny lobster – lack of basic data • Dolphinfish – level 1 SICA this month, level 2 PSA next year • Limited personnel • Chose ERAEF to establish a foundation of information

31. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing RESOURCES/CONTACTS • Literature and ERAEF reports • Websites • CSIRO research team • Consultants with expertise • Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism

32. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing (ERAEF) • Presentation References/Resources: • Ross Daley, Marine and Atmospheric Research (CSIRO) Workshop presentation and personal communication • Hobday et al. (2011). Ecological risk assessment for the effects of fishing. Fisheries Research, 108, 372-384. • Hobday et al. (2007) Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing: Methodology. Report R04/1072 for the Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Canberra. • Dr. Bob Trumble, MRAG Americas, personal communication • Dr. Susan Renton, Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism (CRFM), personal communication

33. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing • Some things to consider: • SEDAR Process • Leveraging Experts • Building Capacity • Partnerships within the Caribbean

34. QUESTIONS?