Alcohol: Effects on the Body and Behavior

1. Alcohol: Effects on the Body andBehavior Mr. Fink’s Health Class

2. Overview: • Definitions • Statistics on teen drinking • Short- and long-term effects of alcohol • Blood alcohol levels • Introduction to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

3. Alcohol has been used for centuries in social, medical, cultural, and religious settings. Some Americans believe alcohol can be used responsibly by adults for social and religious purposes.......

4. However, alcohol can also be used to excess resulting in health, social, legal, and other problems. Students may receive conflicting messages about alcohol from the news media, school, their friends, and their parents.

5. Statistics on Teen Drinking(3) • Monitoring the Future (MTF) reported that in 2004, nearly one in five 8th graders, more than one in three 10th graders, and nearly one in two 12th graders had a drink in the past month.

6. What is alcohol? Alcohol is a depressant, which means it slows the function of the central nervous system. Alcohol actually blocks some of the messages trying to get to the brain. This alters a person's perceptions, emotions, movement, vision, and hearing

7. How does alcohol affect a person? • Alcohol affects every organ in the body. • It is a central nervous system depressant that is rapidly absorbed from the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream.

8. Why do some people react differently to alcohol than others? • Age. • Gender. • Physical condition (weight, fitness level, etc). • Amount of food consumed before drinking. • How quickly the alcohol was consumed. • Use of drugs or prescription medicines. • Family history of alcohol problems.

9. What is a standard drink in the United States? • 12-ounces of beer. • 5-ounces of wine. • 1.5-ounces or a “shot” of 80-proof distilled spirits or liquor (e.g., gin, rum, vodka, or whiskey).

10. What does moderate drinking mean?Drinking in moderation is defined as having no more than 1 drink per day for women and no more than 2 drinks per day for men.

11. “Drinker” Definitions(1) • Binge drinking: Four or more drinks for a female and five or more drinks for a male at one sitting Click to see data on binge drinking in your state

12. What does it mean to get drunk?“Getting drunk” or intoxicated is the result of consuming excessive amounts of alcohol • Alcohol intoxication can be harmful for a variety of reasons

13. Video • http://prezi.com/ks8zcwux_8vs/alcoholism/

14. Short-term Effects(5,6) • Slower reaction times/reflexes • Heavy sweating • Blurry vision • Nausea and vomiting • Lowered reasoning ability

15. Short-term Effects (cont.)(5,6) • Poor motor coordination • Slower heart rate/breathing rate • Increased blood pressure • Anxiety/restlessness • Lower inhibition

16. Short-term Effects (cont.)(5,6) • Mental confusion • Memory loss • Coma • Death from respiratory arrest

17. Long-term Effects(5,6) • Nervous system • Muscles • Lungs • Liver

18. Long-term Effects (cont.)(5,6) • Sexual organs • Brain • Heart • Esophagus/stomach

19. Studies on Teen Drinking

20. Studies on Teen Drinking

22. Drinking is a Personal Choice but Who Else is Affected? • Friends and family • Strangers • Unborn babies – Fetal alcohol syndrome

23. Blood Alcohol Level: What’s It All About?(6) Blood alcohol level (BAL) depends on: • Weight • Amount of food and water in stomach • Carbonated alcoholic beverages • Gender

24. Blood Alcohol Level Calculations(7) BAL = (150/body weight) x (%alcohol/50) x (ounces consumed) x (0.025)

25. Blood Alcohol Level Example • 175 pound man drinks four 12-ounce cans of beer with 4% alcohol content • BAL = (150/175) x (4/50) x (48) x (0.025) • =.86 x .08 x 48 x .025 • = .08%

26. Blood Alcohol Levels: So What?(8) • BAL = 0.03 to 0.12 (Euphoria) • Self-confident/daring • Short attention span • Poor judgment • Fine motor skills impaired

27. Blood Alcohol Levels(8) • BAL = 0.09 to 0.25 (Sleepy & Slow) • Sleepy • Memory loss • Reaction time decreased • Uncoordinated/loss of balance • Blurry vision and impaired senses

28. Blood Alcohol Levels(8) • BAL = 0.18 to 0.30 (Confusion) • Confused/dizzy • Highly emotional • Cannot see/slurred speech • Uncoordinated/sleepy • May not feel pain as easily

29. Blood Alcohol Levels(8) • BAL = 0.25 to 0.40 (Stupor) • Can barely move at all • Cannot respond to stimuli • Cannot stand or walk • Vomiting • Lapse in and out of consciousness

30. Blood Alcohol Levels(8) • BAL = 0.35 to 0.50 (Coma) • Unconscious • Reflexes depressed • Decreased body temperature • Decreased breathing rate • Decreased heart rate • Could die

33. Key terms • Tolerance – a condition in which the body becomes used to a substance and needs greater quantities to produce the same effect

34. Key terms • Alcoholism – a disease in which a person is dependent upon alcohol.

35. Blood Alcohol Levels(8) • BAL = Greater than 0.50 (Death) • Breathing stops • That says it all!

36. Driving Limits(6) • Most states set the legal level of intoxication at 0.08 to 0.10

37. What is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome? • When mother drinks, baby drinks • Alcohol disrupts brain development • Your turn to research!

38. Looking Back • Drinking has various definitions • Binge and Chronic • Drinking can have short- and long-term effects • Slower reaction times • Memory loss • Nervous system/liver problems

39. Looking Back (cont.) • Blood alcohol levels are affected by weight and gender • Drinking is a personal choice, but it can affect those around you

40. Works Cited • 1. Understanding Alcohol - Glossary [online]. 2003. [cited 2005 Jul 13]. Available from URL:http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih3/alcohol/other/glossary.htm. • 2. Alcohol Use: Chronic Drinking [online]. 1992. [cited 2005 Jul 13]. Available from URL: http://www.indicators.ak.org/indicators/alcoholusechronic98F.htm • 3. Johnston LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG, Schulenberg JE. Overall teen use continues gradual decline; but use of inhalants rises. Ann Arbor (MI): University of Michigan News and Information Services; December 21, 2004. Table 3. [cited 2005 Jul 7).Available from URL: http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/data/04data.html#2004data-drugs. • 4. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Overview of Findings from the 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Rockville (MD): Office of Applied Studies; 2004. p. 14. [cited 7 July 2005].

41. Works Cited (cont.) • 5. Short-Term Effects of Alcohol . [cited 2005 July 22]. Available from URL: http://www.hsc.wvu.edu/som/cmed/alcohol/short-term.htm. • 6. Understanding Alcohol - Information about Alcohol. Teacher’s guide. [online]. [cited 20 June 2005]. Available from URL: http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih3/alcohol/guide/info-alcohol.htm. • 7. Neuroscience for Kids - Alcohol. Alcohol [online]. [cited 2005 Jun 20]. Available from URL: http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/alco.html. • 8. HowStuffWorks. How Alcohol Works [online]. [cited 2005 Jun 20]. Available from URL: http://www.science.howstuffworks.com/alcohol5.htm.

42. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4rP692ylQcg • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXjANz9r5F0&feature=related • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FM8ODjWvows • 1st advertisements • 2nd effects on health • 3rd importance of health

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