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CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 1. The Modern Organization in the Global, Web-Based Environment. LEARNING OBJECTIVES. Describe business processes and discuss business process management Differentiate among data, information, and knowledge

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CHAPTER 1

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  1. CHAPTER 1 The Modern Organization in the Global, Web-Based Environment

  2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES • Describe business processes and discuss business process management • Differentiate among data, information, and knowledge • Differentiate between information technology infrastructure and information technology architecture

  3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES (continued) • Describe the global business environment and the new information technology infrastructure • Discuss the relationships among business pressures, organizational responses, and information systems

  4. Homo Conexus • This is the most connected generation in history • We practice continuous computing • We are surrounded by a personal, movable information network

  5. Information Systems/Technology Management Information System (MIS) Information Technology (IT) – the planning for, development, management, and use of Information Technology tools to help people perform the tasks of information processing and management. – any computer-based tool used to support needs of an organization

  6. 1.1 Business Processes Business Process Business Process Management – collection of related activities that produce a product or a service of value to the organization, its business partners, and/or its customers. – management technique that includes methods and tools to support the design, analysis, implementation, management, and optimization of business processes.

  7. Receive Ticket Order Traveler Airline Web Site Seats Available NO Notify Traveler Plan Trip YES Reserve Seats Check Flights NO Frequent Flyer Mileage Sufficient? Use Credit Card? NO Seats Available? NO YES YES Charge Credit Card YES Subtract Mileage Submit Ticket Order Charge OK? NO Notify Traveler Receive e-Ticket YES Confirm Flight(s) Issue e-Ticket

  8. 1.2 Information Systems: Concepts and Definitions Data Item Information – elementary description of things, events, activities and transactions that are recorded, classified and stored but are not organized to convey any specific meaning. – data organized so that they have meaning and value to the recipient.

  9. 1.2 Information Systems: Concepts and Definitions Knowledge – data and/or information organized and processed to convey understanding, experience, accumulated learning and expertise as they apply to a current problem or activity.

  10. 1.2 Information Systems: Concepts and Definitions Data Information Knowledge

  11. Information Systems: Concepts and Definitions (continued) Information Technology Architecture – a high-level map or plan of the information assets in an organization, which guides current operations and is a blueprint for future directions.

  12. IT Architecture of Online Travel Agency

  13. Information Systems: Concepts and Definitions (continued) Information Technology Infrastructure – the physical facilities, IT components, IT services and IT management that support an entire organization.

  14. IT Components, IT Platform, IT Services, and IT Infrastructure

  15. 1.3 The Global, Web-Based Platform • Best represented by the Internet and the World Wide Web • Enables us to connect, compute, communicate, collaborate, and compete everywhere and anytime • Operates without regard to geography, time, distance, and language

  16. The Stages of Globalization (From Thomas Friedman in The World is Flat) • Globalization 1.0 (from 1492 to 1800) • Globalization 2.0 (from 1800 to 2000) • Globalization 3.0 (from 2000 to the present) 3.0 2.0 1.0

  17. 1.4 Business Pressures, Organizational Responses, and IT Support Business Pressures • Market Pressures • Technology Pressures • Societal Pressures

  18. Business Pressures, Organizational Responses, and IT Support

  19. Market Pressures • The Global Economy & Strong Competition • The Changing Nature of the Workforce • Powerful customers

  20. Technology Pressures • Technological Innovation and Obsolescence • Information Overload

  21. Societal Pressures • Social Responsibility • Government Regulation and Deregulation • Protection Against Terrorist Attacks • Ethical Issues

  22. Organizational Responses • Strategic Systems • Customer Focus • Make-to-Order and mass customization • E-business and E-commerce

  23. 1.5 Why Are Information Systems Important to You? • Information systems and information technologies are integral to your lives • Information systems offer career opportunities • Information systems are used by all functional areas in an organization

  24. Misinformation about Information Systems Career Opportunities • Myth #1: There are no computing jobs. • Myth #2: There will be no IT jobs when I graduate. • Myth #3: All IT-related jobs are moving offshore. • Myth #4: IT salaries are lower due to cheap overseas labor.

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