1 / 40

Animal Kingdom

Animal Kingdom. Characteristics of animals?. Multicellular specialized cells (they rely on each other to function) Heterotrophic ingestion and digestion Lack cell walls Many move Nervous tissue and muscle tissue work together Most reproduce sexually but some can reproduce asexually.

mphipps
Download Presentation

Animal Kingdom

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Animal Kingdom

  2. Characteristics of animals? • Multicellular • specialized cells (they rely on each other to function) • Heterotrophic • ingestion and digestion • Lack cell walls • Many move • Nervous tissue and muscle tissue work together • Most reproduce sexually but some can reproduce asexually

  3. How do we classify animals? • Body structure and formation • External appearance • Internal structures • Organization of fundamental tissue types • And Invertebrates or Vertebrates

  4. Respiration: How do animals get oxygen? • Diffusion • Gills • Lungs

  5. How do animals reproduce? • Asexual reproduction – one parent • Fragmentation • Parthenogenesis – unfertilized eggs • Budding • Binary fission • Sexual reproduction: two gametes (usually 2 parents) • Hermaphrodites – have both ovaries and testes • External fertilization • Internal fertilization

  6. What are the different body structures? • Symmetry: overall patterns • Radial symmetry: a circular symmetry • Bilateral symmetry: a lengthwise line divides 2 sides that are mirror images of each other (a left and a right side) • Asymmetrical: no pattern

  7. What are the different types of circulatory system? • Open circulatory system • When the “blood” is not contained entirely within vessels (like veins and arteries) • Closed circulatory system • When the “blood” is contained with in vessels

  8. What types of support structures do animals have? • Hydrostatic skeleton – water fills spaces within the organism. • Exoskeleton – ridge external skeleton • Endoskeleton – internal skeleton made of hard materials (like bone)

  9. In animals, Cells Differentiate • A zygote is formed (egg + sperm) • Cells divide and form a hollow ball = Blastula • These cells differentiate further. • Ectoderm – skin, nerve cells, sense organs (eyes) • Endoderm – digestive system, lungs, bladder, liver • Mesoderm – skeleton, muscles, circulatory system, reproductive organs. • Tissues and then organs can be formed.

  10. Internal Body Plans • Coelom is fluid fill space between the body wall and digestive tract (mesoderm cells) that protects organs from being damaged • Acoelomate – no body cavity • Coelomates – cavity entirely within mesoderm and endoderm. • Pesudocoelomates – cavity between mesoderm & endoderm (false coelom)

  11. Nervous Systems: How Animals interact with their environments. • Brains condense nerve fibers in a centralized location, allowing form complex response mechanisms. • Not all animals are that evolved • Some just have, what’s referred to as, a “nerve net”

  12. What are the ways animals digest food? • Digest food with in each body cell. • Digest food within body but not in body cell, in a digestive cavity. • Gastrovascular cavity – only one opening • Digestive tract (gut) – two openings (mouth and anus)

  13. Which animals are the simplest and which are the most complex? • Sponges (Porifera) • Stinging-Cell (Cnidaria) • Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) • Roundworms (Nematoda) • Segmented worms (Annelida) • Soft-bodied (Mollusca) • Jointed-foot (Arthropoda) • Spiny-skin (Echinodermata) • Chordates (Chordata)

  14. Continue Working on Animalia Pt I • This is to be complete by Friday. • You will complete the chart on Friday. • Animalia quiz on Monday.

  15. Sponges (Porifera) • Pores (small openings, like on your skin) • Live only in water (mostly the ocean) • Do not move about on their own • Asymmetrical • Lack tissues and organs • Two cell layers

  16. Sponges (Porifera) • REPRODUCTION • Sexual • Sperm and eggs produced by same sponge. (hermaphroditic)Exchanged with a separate individual. • Asexual • Small pieces break off and form new individuals. (Regeneration) • Budding

  17. Cniderians  (STINGING-CELL) • Have "stinging" cells (cnideria) for capture of food/prey. • Hollow, saclike bodies with NO organs. • Radial symmetry • Live in water • Tentacles around moth • Stinging cells on tentacles • Have muscle cells and nerve cells • Sexually (similar to sponges) • Asexually (budding)

  18. Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) • Flattened body. • Bilateral symmetry • Nerves and sensory organs are at the head • Food comes in an opening and leaves the same opening • Muscles and Intestines • Male and female reproductive organs on the same animal but they exchange sperm • Asexual reproduction • Splits from end-to-end, down the middle • Most are parasites • Some may live on water or land

  19. Roundworms (Nematoda) • Long bodies with pointed ends. • Many are parasites, animal or plant, most are free living. • Many are microscopic. • Long, rounded body. • Set of muscles end to end. • Mouth on one end (food in). • Anus on other end (undigestables out). • Intestine tube mouth to anus. • Males and females are separate animals.

  20. Roundworms (Nematoda)

  21. Segmented worms (Annelida) • Bodies divided into sections called segments. • Layers of muscles in body wall. • Bristles on each segment move it through soil. • Mouth and anus. • Intestinal tube. • Distinct parts for holding, grinding, digesting. • Most segments have organs that get rid of wastes. • 2 blood vessels run length of body. • Bilateral symmetry

  22. Segmented worms (Annelida) • 5 pairs of simple hearts • Nerves length of body • Sexual reproduction • Some have both • Others have genders

  23. Soft-bodied (Molusca) • Soft body, usually protected by hard shell. • Body covered by mantle, a thin fleshy tissue which makes the shell. • Muscular foot for movement. • most have a head with a mouth. • most have a tongue-like, tooth-covered structure for scraping food off of surfaces. • Separate circulatory system • Separate genders with external fertilization

  24. Univalve: snails and slugs • Live on land, one muscular foot, one shell, tentacles sense light

  25. Bivalves: clams, oysters, scallops • 2 shells, foot is used to bury itself, eats by sticking our 2 tubes that filter water

  26. Cephalopods: octopus and squid • Squid have shells inside body octopus don’t • Muscular foot divided into 2 arms, well developed eyes, move fast by shooting a jet of water backwards, more advanced nervous system, closed circulatory

  27. Arthropoda (Jointed-foot)

  28. Arthropoda (Jointed-foot) • Outside skeleton (Exoskeleton) • Bilateral symmetry • Jointed appendages: structures that grows out of an animal's body, allow quick movement • Legs, antennae, wings are appendages • Divided into 3 sections: Head, Thorax, Abdomen • Molting • Compound eyes • Open circulatory system

  29. Insects • More insects than all other animal types combined • Over 700,000 species • Thousands more discovered each year • Live almost anywhere • Eat almost anything • Come in many shapes and colors • Have special mouthparts for:Chewing, Lapping, Sucking

  30. Insects • 3 Main body part: head, thorax, abdomen • 2 compound eyes, 3 simple eyes,1 pair antennae, Several mouthparts • Thorax has 3 pairs walking legs and Often 2 pair wings • The only invertebrates that can fly • Reproduce sexually • Separate sexes producing egg and sperm • Fertilized eggs produced in large quantities and left

  31. Spiny-skin (Echinodermata) • "5-part" body design • Radial symmetry • Spines • Live in oceans, common along rocky shores • Have Tube Feet • Which work using suction, • as part of a water vascular system of tubes linking the feet • Reproduction: • Regeneration: starfish can grow a new arm if they lose one (Asexual Reproduction or recovering from an injury) • Sexual reproduction is the norm (Separate sexes produce sperm and eggs)

  32. Chordates (Chordata) • Animals with a backbone • More complex than other organisms • Have an Endoskeleton: an Internal Skeleton • Growth is less limited than with an exoskeleton • Bilateral symmetry • A tail at some stage in life

  33. Which animals are chordatas? • Jawless fish • Cartilage fish • Bony fish • Amphibians • Reptiles • Birds • Mammals

More Related