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Financial Derivatives market of Pakistan. OUTLINE. Various types of derivative instruments Development of financial derivatives Regulating authority of derivative transactions in Pakistan and its rules and regulations The most in use derivative instruments in Pakistan
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OUTLINE • Various types of derivative instruments • Development of financial derivatives • Regulating authority of derivative transactions in Pakistan and its rules and regulations • The most in use derivative instruments in Pakistan • Statistical data showing trends in usage of FD in Pakistan
History of Financial Markets • drive the economy • Financial instruments are exchanged at reasonable cost • Financial markets include foreign exchange market, money market, dept market, derivative market, and equity market • Dynamic and responsive to real life conditions
Benefits of Derivatives • Price discovery • Risk management • Improve market efficiency for underlying assets • Reduce market transaction costs
Development of Derivative Market in Pakistan • Entry of derivatives began in early 1990s with currency swaps called "dirty swaps“ • Few banks are allowed by SBP to deal in derivative securities • SBP regulates OTC for foreign currency options, forwards rate agreements, interest rate swaps • At nascent stage
…Development of Derivative Market in Pakistan… • All derivative agreements require formal approval of the central bank • The derivatives market constitutes 70% of the total trading volume in India. In Pakistan, it is less than 5%. • In 2011, the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) allowed mutual funds to use derivatives for hedging purposes
Derivative Users in Pakistan • Hedgers, speculators, arbitrageurs • Individuals • Institutional Investor • Corporate Treasurer • Banks/Other Financial Intermediaries
Factors contributing to growth of derivatives • Trend of derivative usage • Risk Level of Companies • Awareness with modern Finance • Correlation between hedging and firm value • Business cycle effect and firm’s performance • Correlation between internal control and hedging
Instruments being used in the derivative market of Pakistan. • Financial derivatives (deliverable futures, cash settled futures, index futures) • Commodity derivatives • Islamic derivatives
Types of contracts • Cross currency swaps • Cross currency interest rate swaps Islamic contracts include: • Salam • Istisna • Joa’la