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THE UNECE CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION

THE UNECE CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION Workshop to Promote the Ratification of the Protocol on Heavy Metals across the UNECE region – 14-16 May 2008, Yerevan. Tea Aulavuo The UNECE Secretariat to the Convention. Kara Sea. Barents Sea. Kara Sea. Barents Sea.

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THE UNECE CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION

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  1. THE UNECE CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION Workshop to Promote the Ratification of the Protocol on Heavy Metals across the UNECE region – 14-16 May 2008, Yerevan Tea Aulavuo The UNECE Secretariat to the Convention

  2. Kara Sea Barents Sea Kara Sea Barents Sea Artic Ocean Artic Ocean Canada Canada Iceland Iceland Pacific Ocean Pacific Ocean Finland of America Finland North Sea North Sea of America Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Norway Sweden Norway Sweden Russian Federation Russian Federation Estonia Estonia Latvia Latvia Lithuania Denmark Lithuania Denmark Ireland Belarus Ireland Belarus United United Poland Poland Kingdom Netherlands Kingdom Netherlands Germany Germany Belgium Belgium Ukraine Czech Rep. Ukraine Czech Rep. Kazakhstan Luxembourg Slovakia Luxembourg Slovakia Austria Austria Hungary Moldova France Hungary Moldova Liechtenstein France Liechtenstein Switzerland Switzerland Aral Aral Atlantic Ocean Slovenia Romania Atlantic Ocean Slovenia Romania Sea Sea Croatia Croatia Bosnia and Bosnia and Yugoslavia Monaco Herzegovina Yugoslavia Monaco Herzegovina Black Sea Black Sea Kyrgyzstan Caspian Caspian Bulgaria Bulgaria Georgia Georgia Kyrgyzstan Sea Sea F.Y.R.of Italy F.Y.R.of Italy Albania Macedonia Albania Macedonia Azerbaijan Armenia Armenia Spain Spain Greece Greece Turkey Turkey Portugal Portugal Malta Malta Cyprus Mediterranean Sea Cyprus Mediterranean Sea CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION 51 Parties in Europe, North America and Central Asia

  3. There are many Parties to the Convention, but the Convention itself is just a framework………..

  4. CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION

  5. Protocols to theConvention

  6. Protocols to the Convention

  7. Implementation Committee Working Group on Strategies and Review Expert Groups Task Forces International Cooperative Programmes EXECUTIVE BODY Working Group on Effects EMEPSteering Body STRUCTURE OF THE CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION

  8. IMPLEMENTATION COMMITTEE EXECUTIVE BODY WG EFFECTS EMEP WG STRATEGIES AND REVIEW ICP Forests Task Force Programme Coordinating Centre Task Force on Emission Inventories and Projections Task Force on Reactive Nitrogen Centre for Emission Inventories and Projections ICPIntegrated Monitoring Task Force Task Force on Heavy Metals Programme Centre Task Force onMeasurement and Modelling ICP Modelling and Mapping Task Force Coordination Centre for Effects Network of Experts on Benefits and Economic Instruments Chemical Coordinating Centre ICP Materials Task Force Meteorological Synthesizing Centre-West Main Research Centre Expert Group on Techno-economic Issues Meteorological Synthesizing Centre-East ICP Vegetation Task Force Programme Centre Task ForceonPOPs Task Force on Integrated Assessment Modelling ICP Waters Task Force Programme Centre Expert Group on Particulate Matter Centre for Integrated Assessment Modelling Task Force Health TF on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution

  9. Focus on EECCA and SEE • CAPACT project 2004-2007 in Kazakhstan, with EECCA participation; • 2003 – Adoption of UNECE implementation guidelines at 5th Ministerial Conference “Environment for Europe” in Kiev; • 2006-2008: Development of implementation guidelines for Heavy Metals; POPs and Gothenburg Protocols; • 2005 – 2007: Development of EECCA Action Plan • 2007-2008: Questionnaire to identify problems and possible solutions for ratification; • Technical workshops, bilateral projects, donor support to assist EECCA and SEE participation and ratification.

  10. The "CAPACT" Project Capacity Building for Air Quality Management and the Application of Clean Coal Combustion Technologies in Central Asia«Наращивание потенциала в области управления качеством воздуха и применения чистых технологий сжигания угля в Центральной Азии» Project funded by theUnited Nations Development Account

  11. CAPACT • Key objectives: • Improved air quality in Central Asia • More efficient use and production of energy in Central Asia • Duration:mid-2004 to mid 2007 • Main focus:Central Asia Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan and other EECCA countries. • Main implementing entities:UNECE in collaboration with UNESCAP • Budget:USD 680,000 • Financed by: UN Development Account

  12. CAPACT “Working Packages” • Implementation Plans for the LRTAP Convention Protocols; • Development of Sub regional Cooperation on Air Pollution Problems as part of the Regional Cooperation under the Convention; • Linking European and Asian Air Monitoring and Evaluation Programme; • Development of Sub-Regional Network for Energy Related Emission Reductions • Strengthening of Sustainable Energy Policies and Energy Pricing Reforms • Promotion of Investment Project Finances for the Deployment of Clean Coal Technologies

  13. CAPACT workshops and seminars in Kazakshtan • July 2007: Final CAPACT Project Meeting and joint energy and environment seminar; • October 2006: Second Regional Workshop on International Air Monitoring, Data, Reporting and Environmental Effects • March and June 2005: Two workshops to discuss draft Kazakh National Concept for air quality management and the implementation of selected protocols to the LRTAP Convention 4. October 2005: Second Regional Seminar:- Air quality management and the international legal framework, and measures and energy pricing reforms needed 5. November 2004: First Regional Seminar: "Cost-effective Clean Coal  Technology Options for Central Asia and Prospects for Implementation, with Emphasis on Enhanced Environmental Performance and Meeting Relevant Environmental Standards and Regulations

  14. Selected CAPACT outcomes • Development of national implementation plans and scientific and technical activities for implementation of HM, POPs and EMEP Protocols; • Kazakh Plan ready and incorporated into Kazakh Programme of Environmental Protection 2008-2010 • Support for establishment of EMEP Monitoring Station in Kazakhstan(1st in Central Asia)

  15. Guidance for Implementation • Guidelines for strengthening compliance with and implementation of Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) in the ECE region; • Adopted at 5th Ministerial Conference Environment for Europe, Kiev, 2000, ECE/CEP/107 • Identifies difficulties and provides generic guidance • Implementation Guides on Heavy Metals, POPs and Gothenburg Protocols • Available by end 2008, also in Russian • Detailed guidance for decision-making and practical implementation • To help analysis and planning for the national implementation plan • Guide to resources available for Parties • Guidelines for the development of national implementation plan for CLRTAP and its Protocols for Kazakhstan • Outcome of the CAPACT project • Proposes practical measures and strategic considerations

  16. UNECE “Kiev” Guidelines • National implementation: « All legal and other appropriate measures required to implement the agreement should be in place, in order to ensure that a Party is in a position to comply with its international obligations at the time of entry into force of the MEA for that Party ».

  17. Recommended steps for a potential Party:(UNECE Implementation Guidelines) 1. Review each obligation 2. Identify implementation responsibility 3. Administrative arrangements 4. Funds 5. Enforcement 6. Public consultation and education 7. Post-ratification: ongoing monitoring of implementation

  18. EECCA Action Plan (ECE/EB.AIR/WG.5/2007/17) • Prepared in 2005 and further developed in 2007 following “Saltsjöbaden 3” Workshop • Includes main aims: • Raise political profile of CLRTAP activities • Encourage ratification of Protocols (EMEP, HM, POPs, Gothenburg) • Increase cooperation and exchange of information through expanding the modelling and monitoring activities • Support EECCA involvement in activities of the Convention • Identifies related actions and relevant actors (e.g.) • Hold a high-level meeting in 2009 (EB, EECCA) • Relax Protocol provisions within their revision process (WGSR, EB) • Expand EMEP monitoring network (EECCA, EMEP, CCC, donors) • Make more material available in Russian (EB, secretariat, EECCA) • Organize joint activities/workshops for EECCA countries

  19. EECCA and SEE Questionnaire on Implementation and Ratification of CLRTAP Protocols • 2007: Questionnaire on EMEP, Heavy Metals, POPs, Gothenburg Protocols to identify: • problems in ratification • steps to be taken • Replies received only from ARM, BEL, HR, MDA,UKR • Results relating to Protocol on Heavy Metals • Implementation plans in 2008: BEL; • Need for technical assistance, implementation guidance, financial support; • Main difficulties eg. Implementing art 6 and annex IV; • Inventory for Cd, Pb, Hg established by UKR and BEL; • Difficulties with application of ELVs: technical and financial, lack of methodology; • Later implementation date would help ratification; • Unleaded petrol no longer in use.

  20. Main messages to remember: • Information, assistance and funding opportunities to facilitate the implementation of CLRTAP Protocols are available! • Please, don’t hesitate to: • Express your needs, concerns and problems to the Convention Bodies and the Secretariat; • Request for support and propose projects

  21. MORE INFORMATION: Convention website: www.unece.org/env/lrtap CAPACT: www.unece.org/ie/capact/implem.html

  22. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

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